posted on Oct, 28 2002 @ 08:25 AM
Air Force/Joint Service ACAT IC Program:
3 JSIPS, 3 TEG systems
Total program cost (TY$) $594.1M
Average unit cost (TY$) $44.8M
Prime Contractor
Raytheon E-Systems for JSIPS
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION & CONTRIBUTION TO JOINT VISION 2010
JSIPS is a modular system designed to receive, process, exploit, and disseminate imagery intelligence (IMINT). JSIPS provides unified and component
commands with near-real-time imagery products derived from national satellite imagery and selected tactical reconnaissance assets. The Tactical
Exploitation Group (TEG), a more mobile Marine Corps variant, is also part of the JSIPS program. In the future, JSIPS will migrate to the Common
Imagery Ground/Surface System (CIGSS) architecture model. CIGSS incorporates common components (e.g., processors and data links) and standards (e.g.,
file formats, communication protocols) to achieve the near-real-time receipt of imagery from a wider variety of airborne sensors and to be able to
exchange imagery between ground and surface systems.
JSIPS contributes to Joint Vision 2010 goal of achieving information superiority in support of the following three new operational concepts: dominant
maneuver, precision engagement, and full-dimensional protection. JSIPS contributes most directly to precision engagement by providing high fidelity
target detail, accurate and timely target locations, and accurate and timely battle damage assessment.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
The Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Office is the overall executive agent of the CIGSS program which includes JSIPS. The Air Force (ESC/IYG) has
program management responsibility for JSIPS.
The JSIPS program originally included the Air Force, Army, Marine Corps, and Navy with a total procurement of 22 systems. The current program has been
scaled back to three systems, two for the Air Force and one for the Marine Corps.
The first JSIPS system was delivered to the Army in 1990, and a second system was delivered to the Marine Corps in 1992. After user testing of JSIPS
in Germany in 1993, the Army concluded that JSIPS was too expensive to procure and operate and left the program officially in January 1995. The Marine
Corps continues to operate JSIPS from a fixed site at Camp Pendleton. A new JSIPS was delivered to 9th Air Force (AF) at Shaw AFB in 1996. The
refurbished Army JSIPS was delivered to 12th AF at Davis Monthan AFB in February 1997.
TEST & EVALUATION ACTIVITY
Air Force Operational Test and Evaluation Center (AFOTEC) conducted an operational utility evaluation (OUE) with the JSIPS delivered to 12th Air Force
at Davis Monthan AFB. The OUE commenced on September 29, 1997 and concluded on October 17, 1997. During consecutive weeks, the OUE executed three
scenarios simulating support to PACOM, STRATCOM, and SOUTHCOM. JSIPS received imagery feed from a commercial land-line during the first two weeks of
testing and from a combination of land-line and satellite feeds during the third week. A limited air mobility test was also conducted that consisted
of loading two system shelters and the dish antenna onto a C-130.
TEST & EVALUATION ASSESSMENT
JSIPS can be expected to support non-time critical imagery production during peacetime, in-garrison operations. However, JSIPS is intended to provide
wartime requirements of time-sensitive imagery to the supported Services/CINCs. The DoD Inspector General was concerned about the lack of operational
testing to measure the effectiveness and suitability of JSIPS The JSIPS OUE has satisfied the Inspector General's recommendation to conduct
operational testing of JSIPS. JSIPS is not operationally suitable. Due to the low system availability of only 63% (requirement 95%), the effectiveness
of JSIPS in support of time sensitive contingency and wartime requirements is also questionable in the near term. For example, if JSIPS was supporting
a 24-hour air tasking order cycle, the imagery products would not be available for approximately 8 of the 24 hours. Most system downtime was
attributed to hardware failures. Hardware failures are compounded further by inadequate software suitability, insufficient initial spares, and no
mobility readiness spares packages. The system is mobile and can meet its 12-hour deployment requirements, but the system would not survive in a
nuclear, biological, or chemical environment.
Air Force has already accepted and declared initial operating capability of JSIPS, and no other systems are to be fielded. Since the conclusion of
OUE, Air Combat Command has stated that the operators have seen a steady increase in JSIPS availability, and that it has supported several real-world
taskings. Block upgrades to JSIPS are planned within 15 months which could eliminate many of the shortfalls, including year 2000 compliance. However,
the Air Force has no current plans to conduct a follow-on operational testing of the system to determine if the proposed fixes will resolve its
operational weakness in support of the warfighter. We recommend that the Air Force continue to evaluate the operational availability of JSIPS until
the system demonstrates improvement toward meeting the funded requirements. DOT&E will continue to monitor this program as it migrates into CIGSS.