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Originally posted by Seymour Butz
Originally posted by cashlink
Some people said they saw liquid steel running down the bottom of the WTC.
And you can not refute that!
Yes I can, as well as any nondelusional person that thinks logically.
The point is that this was never analyzed.
So you are calling these people liars: (The president of Tully Construction of Flushing, NY, said he saw pools of "literally molten steel" at Ground Zero. Bollyn also cites Mark Loizeaux, president of Controlled Demolition Inc. (CDI) of Phoenix, MD, as having seen molten steel in the bottoms of elevator shafts "three, four, and five weeks" after the attack.)
Base on what they saw logically nondelusional and you werent there.
(Therefore, it could have been aluminum, which has a much lower melting point than steel. And melts at temps well within the range found in the piles.)
Yes, it could be aluminum or it could have been "steel" with the high
temps that were found in the piles.
So as I said, you failed to prove your point, nor did you even come close to bringing evidence that would warrant any further investigation.
Originally posted by cashlink
1-So you are calling these people liars: (The president of Tully Construction of Flushing, NY, said he saw pools of "literally molten steel" at Ground Zero.
2-Bollyn also cites Mark Loizeaux, president of Controlled Demolition Inc. (CDI) of Phoenix, MD, as having seen molten steel in the bottoms of elevator shafts "three, four, and five weeks" after the attack.)
Base on what they saw logically nondelusional and you werent there.
3-Yes, it could be aluminum or it could have been "steel" with the high
temps that were found in the piles.
4-You know, your point about exactly what metal is shown might be valid but, you can leave the sarcasm out of it.
Originally posted by fmcanarney
It was molted red hot and construction grade steel.
There are several web sites that show the stuff.
Originally posted by fmcanarney
I have thirty two web sites/articles that I have links to on my FAVORITES list.
Originally posted by calcoastseeker
Solid concrete has no water in it,that is why it is solid.
My question to those debating this subject about a explosion taking down the WTC is no one has explained the absence of overpressure.
If a conventional or nuclear device of a big enough force to take down those structures was present, why was no overpressure not detected or experience by any of the witnesses,or even seen on tape.
Explanation please.
Mechanical and thermal effects
The mechanical and thermal effects of conventional and nuclear weapons are well known [59, 60]. For instance, their scaling laws with explosive yield are simple power laws: direct proportionally (∝ Y 1) for thermal effects, and third root dependence (∝ Y 1/3) for blast overpressure.
The factor of three difference However, “effective utilization of precision munitions demands that a premium be placed on the collection and analysis of target information” [3, p. 15]. Figure 8: As a consequence of increased accuracy, new weapons are required that will “reduce destruction outside the radius of an intended target — while
enhancing destructive force on the target.” (Illustration for Ref. [58].)
in the exponent of these powerlaws makes that, in comparison to blast effects, thermal effects are generally negligible in conventional explosives, but dominant in Mt yield nuclear explosives (which are in fact gigantic incendiary bombs). This means that for kt yield nuclear weapons, and FGNWs with yields between 1 and 100 tons, both effects should be taken into consideration. A first significant difference between DT based
FGNWs and all other types of explosives is that up to 80% of the yield is in form of highenergy neutrons, so that only about 20% of the total yield contribute directly to heat and blast effects. With proper scaling, this factor of 5 difference means that a FGNW will have a factor of 5 smaller incendiary effect, and a factor √3 5 = 1.7 reduced blast effect 21 —
provided one assumes that the energy of the neutrons will be absorbed either in the intended target, or else in a large volume of air that will not be sufficiently heated to significantly contribute to the heat and blast waves. One can therefore conclude that for a given total yield, FGNWs will have somewhat reduced collateral effects in terms of heat and blast.
The second significative difference between DT based FGNWs and all other
types of explosives is the high direct coupling with intended targets made possible by the flux of highenergy neutrons. Since according to the discussion in Sec. 4.4 this increased coupling corresponds to a factor of about 10 relative to a conventional or nuclear explosive, the factor of 5 considered in the previous paragraph is actually equivalent to a factor of about 50 when the comparison is not made in terms of In reality, and for multiwarhead systems, the factor of 5 could be more like 3 or 4, leading to a smaller reduction in collateral heat and blast effects.
40 total explosive yields, but in terms of the energy that is actually coupled to the intended target. Under these conditions, the reduction factors in collateral heat and blast effects become truly significant, i.e., 50 and √3 50 = 3.7, respectively. However, direct coupling to a finite size
target has a 1/r2 dependence on the distance r between the point of explosion and the surface of the target, and this distance should be on the order of a few meters at most for a circa 1 ton FGNW to be effective. This requires truly high accuracy in delivery, and a corresponding accuracy in the knowledge of the target coordinates. Finally, as will all types of explosive weapons, debris will be sent at random to large distances from the target. But since the kinetic energy available for sending these debris is directly related to blast energy, this collateral effect should be portionally reduced in FGNWs.
Originally posted by fmcanarney
I have thirty two web sites/articles that I have links to on my FAVORITES list. AND I have read them, and have pretty reasonably common sense understanding of the contents of a large majority of them.
The classified information is of course unavailable as i suppose it should be. We will be working on fifth and sixth generation stuff or probably already are so we wont know till it is unclassified.
The thread was conversation about 4 th generation nuclear devices. The topic sometimes goes to other issues, but fourth generation is THE BUZZWORD in the field of nuclear bombs.
The US and other governments that relied on second generation thermonuclear bombs were able to tightly control the possession of these weapons due to the fact that you needed plutonium or uranium for a fission reaction to make the fusion reaction occur which was then enhanced with more fission.
The third generation bomb was the neutron bomb. Already twenty five years old.
The fourth generation bomb is the pure fusion with no fission material used to start the fusion. Now nuclear bombs can be 0.01 to 100 KT.
These are grapefruit sized bombs.
1st generation=fission uranium or plutonium only
2nd generation=fission + fusion + the neutron burst is not allowed to escape
3rd generation=fission + fusion but the neutron burst is allowed to escape
4 th generation=fusion with no plutonium or uranium or other heavy isotopes. Ignited several ways. Laser, plasma, magnetism, electrostatic current, perhaps antimatter.
Originally posted by cashlink
Originally posted by jfj123
Originally posted by cashlink
reply to post by Seymour Butz
Just curious but how did they know it was liquid steel and not another type of metal? Is there something specific that shows how they figured that out?
I dont know ,why dont you ask the wittness?
Originally posted by cashlink
Originally posted by jfj123
I'm also curious as to how the OP knows what generation of nuke the government currently has? What inside source as informed the op that we're discussing a 4th gen. nuke device ?
How about its "his" OPINION!
Or is he not aloud to have one! or are you only allowed an opinion?
OP is offering another way the WTC came down.
What science do you have that brought the WTC down, and DON'T bring up NIST because we all know that is BS.
[edit on 8/31/2008 by cashlink]
Contrary to nuclear fission, where heavy atoms such as uranium are split, nuclear fusion is a process in which light nuclei fuse together to form heavier ones: during this process a very large amount of energy is released. This process powers the stars in the universe. In the core of the Sun, the lightest and most abundant element, hydrogen (H), is converted into helium (He) at a temperature of 15 million degrees. Because of its low reactivity cross section this reaction is not relevant on earth. Hence for a fusion reactor it is planned to use instead the two isotopes of hydrogen: deuterium (D) and tritium (T), which fuse together much more readily than any other combination of light nuclei according to the following reaction:
D2 + T3 ⇒ He4 + n + 17.6 MeV
The end products are helium and neutrons (n). The total energy liberated by fusing one gram of a 50/50% mixture of deuterium and tritium is 94000 kWh, which is 10 million times more than obtained from burning the same amount of oil. Most of this energy (80%) is in the form of fast neutrons carrying an energy of 14 MeV, while the remaining 20% is carried by the helium nucleus. This energy of the helium nuclei should energize the injected fresh fuel and maintain the reaction conditions. The released energy will eventually become heat to be stored or converted by conventional means into electricity.
The reaction rate of all fusion reactions only starts to become significant at temperatures above a few tens of millions of degrees. For the D-T reaction, the optimal temperature (highest reaction rate at constant pressure) is of the order of 70-200 million degrees K. While the Sun works at temperatures lower than optimal because of its enormous size, a fusion reactor on earth will have to work in the optimal range. At such temperatures the D-T fuel is in the plasma state, the 4th state of matter (the 3 other states being solid, liquid, gaseous).
plasma state, the 4th state of matter (the 3 other states being solid, liquid, gaseous).
1st generation 1945-1950
2nd generation 1950-1970+
3rd generation 1971-1980
4th generation 1980-????
This means that the discussion of FGNWs requires some intellectual effort
— especially for nontechnical minded people — because FGNWs are in many ways very different from previous generation weapons. This can be illustrated by comparing a few salient features of typical first and fourth generation explosives:
First generation: 6 kg Pu ≈ 10 kt yield at 10% efficiency
Fourth generation: 25 mg DT ≈ 1 ton yield at 50% efficiency
Consequently, going from the first to the fourth generation implies a total
change of perspective about nuclear weapons: A “change of paradigm” where the concept of very large yield and big nuclear weapons for deterrence use is shifting towards the concept of very high precision
and compact nuclear weapons for battlefielduse — with yields in the 1 to 100 tons1 range, that is intermediate between conventional and contemporary nuclear weapons.
Fusion reactions since 1950 investigation and research has been underway: achieving fusion energy called "magnetic confinement." There is, however, a second strategy for achieving fusion energy, one that has only recently been thrust into the r&d spotlight. This second strategy is called "inertial confinement," and its future is now.
In contrast to MFE, the capacity of IFE to produce far more energy than is consumed has already been vividly demonstrated by hydrogen bomb detonations.
In the most popular indirect heating scheme, the spherical fuel capsule is mounted inside a cylinder that is about the size of a large paper clip. This cylinder is called a "hohlraum," which is German for "cavity" and it is usually made of some heavy element such as lead. Energy beams are shined through holes at the end of the hohlraum, vaporizing its inside surface and releasing a burst of x-rays.