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Originally posted by Anonymous ATS
APPLES AND ORANGES.
The report confirmed the emerging consensus that the twin towers could have withstood the impact of the hijacked airliners but eventually succumbed to the inferno that weakened the buildings' steel framework.
The early news reports noted how well the towers withstood the initial impact of the aircraft; however, when one recognizes that the buildings had more than 1,000 times the mass of the aircraft and had been designed to resist steady wind loads of 30 times the weight of the aircraft, this ability to withstand the initial impact is hardly surprising. Furthermore, since there was no significant wind on September 11, the outer perimeter columns were only stressed before the impact to around 1/3 of their 200 MPa design allowable.
The only individual metal component of the aircraft that is comparable in strength to the box perimeter columns of the WTC is the keel beam at the bottom of the aircraft fuselage. While the aircraft impact undoubtedly destroyed several columns in the WTC perimeter wall, the number of columns lost on the initial impact was not large and the loads were shifted to remaining columns in this highly redundant structure. Of equal or even greater significance during this initial impact was the explosion when 90,000 L gallons of jet fuel, comprising nearly 1/3 of the aircraft’s weight, ignited. The ensuing fire was clearly the principal cause of the collapse (Figure 4).
IT WAS THE FIRE,
CAUSED THE TWIN TOWER COLLAPSE
To enter the debate as to whether the plane crashes or the resultant fires caused the collapse of World Trade Center Towers I and 2, I would like to weigh in on the side of the fires. These buildings were designed to take the impacts of large plane crashes, and I doubt whether either building would have collapsed and whether multitudes of people would have been trapped above the crash floors except for the fire, smoke and heat. Apparently the effects of the inevitable explosion and fire after the simulated plane crashes were not considered in the design of the building. The point is; these buildings didnt immediately collapse, they took almost an hour for Tower 2 and well over an hour for Tower 1 the North Tower to collapse. According to Ronald Hamburger a structural engineer investigating the disaster, We have reason to believe that, without the fire, the buildings could have stood indefinitely and been repaired. The fire caused most of the life loss and building damage and the buildings were evidently deficient in fire protection.
Using CAD simulations Tony Fitzpatric of Arup America determined that it took a direct hit by the engines shaft at 200 mph to punch through one steel H column and box columns are stronger than H columns and the interior core columns were stronger than the exterior perimeter columns. The planes would have been shredded passing through the perimeter columns, possibly taking out a few, and the number of interior core columns destroyed would have been much less. When the B-25 bomber hit the Empire State Building in 1945 the fire damaged several steel beams but the impact did not take out one steel column.
Originally posted by HLR53K
I would like to add that Ultima is confusing the FEMA and NIST reports here.
Without the planes' impacts, there would be no starting structural damage and no fuel fires.
Originally posted by ULTIMA1
No, i am not confusing any reports, its others on here that need to do more research and see all the reports that state that the buidlings withstood the planes impacts. The planes may have done some damage but it was the fires that casued the collapse of the buidlings.
Also as stated and proven many times, the majority of the jet fuel burned off OUTSIDE the buildings causing little or no structural damage.
Originally posted by HLR53K
I'm curious as to how it was "proven" that most of the jet fuel burned off outside.
It burned quickly, but set any and everything flammable alight.
FEMA concluded that it was a combination of the airplanes' strikes and the fire.
Also, what constitutes "greater damage" in those cases?
But since you're posting so many quotes saying that the fire was the reason for the collapse,
Originally posted by PeaceUk
I do believe that the United States Government is withholding key information about the attacks but I am sure that they would not do this to their own citizens.
Originally posted by lee anoma
tests without their knowledge that lead to major health issues...and lead to a slow and painful death?
Originally posted by HLR53K
So just saying you have posted quotes from websites is your proof? I have also posted quotes from official sites that say less than a majority burned off in the fireballs. Which is correct?
So it's your opinion as an expert firefighter or fire / arson investigator that it was a "normal office fire"?
But still, what quantifies those other fires as "more destructive" than the WTC fires? What was the unit of measure that was used?
Less than 15 percent of the jet fuel burned in the spray cloud inside the building. A roughly comparable amount was consumed in the fireballs outside of the building. Thus, well over half of the jet fuel remained in the building, unburned in the initial fire.
Originally posted by HLR53K
Please see the the NIST report's section on the fire.
A large quantity of the approximately 10,000 gallons of fuel in each plane was quickly consumed in massive fireballs that caused limited structural damage.
I believe the intensity of the fire (as it relates to building collapse) was comparable to a heavy ordinary combustible fire after the explosion dissipated much of the jet fuel.
According to G. Charles Clifton HERA structural engineer, speaking of the fires in the Towers; In my opinion, based on available evidence, there appears no indication that the fires were as severe as a fully developed multi-story fire in an initially undamaged building would typically be.(Elaboration..., p5)
Given that the vast majority of the volatile jet fuel was consumed inside five minutes of each crash, the fires subsequently dwindled, limited to the fuels of conventional office fires. The fires in both Towers diminished steadily until the South Tower's collapse.
A large quantity of the approximately 10,000 gallons of fuel in each plane was quickly consumed in massive fireballs that caused limited structural damage. But the rest of the fuel quickly snaked across floors and down elevator shafts, setting ablaze furniture, computers, paper files and the planes' cargo.
Originally posted by Anonymous ATS
Large quantity is not the same as majority.
Originally posted by _Del_
30% is not a majority.
Please take your time and reread the following statements as long as it takes to understand.
A large quantity of the approximately 10,000 gallons of fuel in each plane was quickly consumed in massive fireballs that caused limited structural damage.
A LARGE QUANTITY is greater then 30%
Given that the vast majority of the volatile jet fuel was consumed inside five minutes of each crash, the fires subsequently dwindled, limited to the fuels of conventional office fires. The fires in both Towers diminished steadily until the South Tower's collapse.
VAST MAJORITY is greater then 30%
Originally posted by ULTIMA1
A LARGE QUANTITY is greater then 30%
Originally posted by Pilgrum
That 7000 gallons is a lot of accelerant to spread around a building and no matter how quickly it burns off it's going to start fires wherever it goes provided there's a source of ignition which is what the impact explosion itself provided.
I thought the 'pod theory' was buried years ago.