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Originally posted by jfj123
My understanding is that when the buildings were designed, there were no code requirements to allow for impacts of any kind however, there may have been some consideration with design to allow for the impact of a plane up to a 727 as 767's did not exist at the time.
As reported today, the clarified original design wind load estimates all exceed those established by the New York City building code prior to 1968 (when the WTC towers were designed) and through 2001 (when the towers were destroyed). The values also are higher than those required by other selected building codes of the era, including the relevant national model building code.
Sunder also announced that the NIST investigation team has completed an independent analysis to determine the wind loads that would be appropriate for use in designing the towers in accordance with the current state of the art—rather than the building codes in effect in the 1960s. This is being done to better understand and assess the effects of successive changes in standards, codes and practices. These NIST “best estimate” wind load values—based on two sets of wind tunnel test data collected by independent laboratories in 2002 as part of industry studies (unrelated to the NIST investigation) and refined by NIST experts in wind science and engineering—are within 10 percent to 15 percent of the “most unfavorable” (maximum) wind load estimates used in the design of the WTC towers.
Wind load capacity is a key factor in determining the overall strength of a tall building and is important in determining not only its ability to withstand winds but also its reserve capacity to withstand unanticipated events such as a major fire or impact damage.
Originally posted by sp00n1
Originally posted by snoopy
Liekwise there are far too many variables in the entire building collapse for any existing computer to be able to calculate.
No! Under laboratory conditions you can change the variables around, and guess what, "Experiment" with testing conditions. Under laboratory conditions, and through experimentation, it should actually be easy to reproduce what is supposedly a spontaneous event; one that occurred not once, not twice, but three times on the same day. And through experimentation, they should be able to determine exactly what happened... THEY CAN'T!!
And more importantly, people such as yourself are ignoring everything BUT the computer testing.
No! For the millionth and ten time, PHYSICAL MODELS!! PHYSICAL MODELS!!! PHYSICAL MODELS!!!!!!!
(in case you didnt catch it, the physical models stood up to conditions worse than on 9/11 for two hours before the test was called off and they then switched to a black box computer model that allowed them to input ridiculous science fiction variables. And they refused to release it for peer-review, unlike steven jones work which is actually peer-reviewed.)
[edit on 10/18/2007 by sp00n1]
They can't model the collapse because they didnt have the computer power.
Originally posted by ULTIMA1
The builidngs were designed to take the impact of a 707. Also they were designed to take enormous wind loads.
Originally posted by sp00n1
They were able to model how, millions of years ago, the earth collided with a proto-planet and ejected enough material to form the moon. Its a simulation that is ten to the ten times more complex than modeling the collapse of the WTC.
Watch;
Originally posted by sp00n1
reply to post by snoopy
NO!!!
Computer models are virtual, NOT PHYSICAL!!!
The actually built real-world, physical scale models!!
When they didnt get the results they worked so hard to produce, they then turned to computer models which they were able to manipulate in whatever way they wished. Since their computer models were so incredibly biased, they were never released for peer-review!
Originally posted by robert z
Do you have a link to the NIST reports on the physical models? I must have missed it if you already posted it somewhere.
Thanks!
Originally posted by snoopy
It's not very honest to try to present these calculations as showing that the buildings were designed from the beginning to withstand the events that happened on 9/11. If this had been a 707 flying slow and low on fuel, then it would be a legitimate argument, even though it was *not* part of the actual design process.
Post-impact capabilities of the WTC towers assessed. Demand to capacity ratios—the calculations indicating whether or not structures can support the loads put on them—showed that for the floors affected by the aircraft impacts, the majority of the core and perimeter columns in both towers continued to carry their loads after the impact. The loads from damaged or severed columns were carried by nearby undamaged columns. Although the additional loads strained the load-bearing capabilities of the affected columns, the results show that the columns could have carried them. This shows that the towers withstood the initial aircraft impacts and that they would have remained standing indefinitely if not for another significant event such as the subsequent fires. NIST previously reported that the towers had significant reserve capacity after aircraft impact based on analysis of post-impact vibration data obtained from video evidence on WTC 2, the more severely damaged tower.
The early news reports noted how well the towers withstood the initial impact of the aircraft; however, when one recognizes that the buildings had more than 1,000 times the mass of the aircraft and had been designed to resist steady wind loads of 30 times the weight of the aircraft, this ability to withstand the initial impact is hardly surprising. Furthermore, since there was no significant wind on September 11, the outer perimeter columns were only stressed before the impact to around 1/3 of their 200 MPa design allowable.
Originally posted by robert z
Seriously, how can you be sure that the modeling is not just curve fitting, i.e., creating the model to make sure it produces the desired result?
"Observations of paint cracking due to thermal expansion. Of the more than 170 areas examined on 16 perimeter column panels, only three columns had evidence that the steel reached temperatures above 250 ºC: east face, floor 98, inner web; east face, floor 92, inner web; and north face, floor 98, floor truss connector. Only two core column specimens had sufficient paint remaining to make such an analysis, and their temperatures did not reach 250 ºC.
"Observation of the microstructure of the steel. High temperature excursions, such as due to a fire, can alter the mechanical properties of the steel. Using metallographic analysis, NIST determined that there was no evidence that any of the samples had reached temperatures of 600 ºC." (PDF pg 140)
"Single composite truss and concrete slab section. A floor section was modeled to investigate failure modes and sequences of failures under combined gravity and thermal loads. The floor section was heated to 700 ºC (with a linear thermal gradient through the slab thickness from 700 ºC to 300 ºC at the top surface of the slab) over a period of 30 min. Initially the thermal expansion of the floor pushed the columns outward, but with increased temperatures, the floor sagged and the columns were pulled inward. Knuckle failure was found to occur mainly at the ends of the trusses and had little effect on the deflection of the floor subsystem. ....." (PDF 148)
"The first series provided a measure of FDS to predict the thermal environment generated by a steady state fire. A spray burner generating 1.9 MW or 3.4 MW of power was ignited in a 23 ft by 11.8 ft by 12.5 ft high compartment. The temperatures near the ceiling approached 900 ºC." (PDF 173)
"Unlike the simulations of the aircraft impact and the fires, there was no evidence, photographic or other, for direct comparison with the FSI results." (PDF 191)
"All four test assemblies were able to withstand fire conditions for 2 hours..."
"All four test specimens sustained the maximum design load for approximately 2 hours without collapsing"
(PDF 193)
Originally posted by sp00n1
Originally posted by snoopy
It's simply impossible to know the extent of the fire proofing that was removed.
n why is it these so called experts do nothing but poke holes which are going to be found in any research done by anyone ever instead of actually doing their own legitimate research?
it they just complain about it not being done and at the same time doing absolutely nothing on their own other than claiming they can?
Originally posted by snoopy
No Ultima, you are cherry picking. If you were to show the rest of the NIST report you would see their explanation.
Originally posted by ULTIMA1
I have posted evidence. I see no evidence to debate it. I see lots of talk but no evidence to debate the NIST statement that the builidng withstood the planes impacts and would have kept standing.
[edit on 18-10-2007 by ULTIMA1]
Originally posted by snoopy
The paragraph you posted is correct. The impact of the planes did not cause the collapse. And no one has ever claimed that. The source you use explains the cause of the collapse, which could not have occured without the planes.