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Originally posted by True_Confederate
2) The slave trade ended almost one hundred years before slavery ended (in the United States). By 1860 no family was ever "broken-up" as a result of slavery. In all the 400 years of slavery in the Americas by those who would become United States citizens, a slave was never torn-apart from his family for any reason. The family was sanctimonious, as most slaveholders were devoutly religious.
Slaves were not "forced to mate" nor were they raped frequently as a result of slavery (again a crime).
The criminal activities perpetrated by master on slave would have been no more frequent (and is recorded with limitations as being such) than any other criminal activities.
Charles Ball, a slave from Maryland, was born in about 1780 . His grandfather was brought from Africa and sold as a slave. His mother was the slave of a tobacco planter. When the planter died when Ball was four years old, he family were sold separately. Ball stayed in Maryland but his mother went to Georgia and he never saw her again.
Ball was allowed to marry but in 1805 he was sold to a cotton plantation owner in South Carolina while his wife and children remained in Maryland. Ball made several attempts to escape but was captured and became another man's slave.
After a period in Georgia he escaped again and managed to get back to his previous home in Maryland. Unfortunately, his wife and children had been sold to a slave-owner in another state. He re-married and obtained a small farm until in about 1830 he was seized and returned to slavery in Georgia.
Ball managed to escape again and this time settled in Philadelphia. With the help of Isaac Fisher, a white lawyer, wrote his autobiography, The Life and Adventures of Charles Ball (1837). Afraid of being recaptured, Ball moved again and its is not known when and where he died....
Originally posted by True_Confederate
The calculations of how much the slave earned in form of his production was done in the book "Time on the Cross" look it up and be amazed. It was written in the 1970s (the books claiming slavery as backward and dying were written in the 1960s before any real research, and mostly were just biggoted) and the book has not been defeated yet.
Many people scream "racist" or "trashy" or all the crap you see people here screaming, but the book's facts are unchallenged. No one has been able to produce different results when researching slavery.
Gutman systematically took Fogel and Engerman to task on variety of fronts. He argued they relied on evidence from a single, unrepresentative plantation. He also noted the authors were extremely careless in their math, and often used the wrong measurement to estimate the harshness of slavery (for example, estimating the number of slaves whipped rather than how often each slave was whipped). In Slavery and the Numbers Game, Gutman argued that Fogel and Engerman also routinely ignored better, readily-available data as well. Gutman roundly criticized Fogel and Engerman on a host of other claims as well, including the lack of evidence for systematic and regular rewards and a failure to consider the effect public whipping would have on other slaves. Gutman also argued that Fogel and Engerman had fallen prey to an ideological pitfall by assuming that slaves had assimilated the Protestant work ethic. If they had such an ethic, then the system of punishments and rewards outlined in Time on the Cross would support Fogel and Engerman's thesis. Gutman conclusively showed, however, that most slaves had not adopted this ethic at all and that slavery's carrot-and-stick approach to work was not part of the slave worldview.
Originally posted by True_Confederate
Your source is just a website...but as I pointed out in the source "Time on the Cross" the book has a whole volume which cites everything it states. About 100 pages of citations.
Originally posted by Godruigez
Slavery is a great idea Mr. Confederate. Why don't you come down to Phoenix Arizona and buy you a set of brand new Mexicans? They work hard and rarely complain. Their daughters are cute and don't offer up much of a fight when approached for sex. The food they cook is good and you will always have a pinata for your birthday. Slavery in the 21st century could be one big fiesta for us all.
Originally posted by True_Confederate
You say that my source is flawed from the works of a man who does not present an empirical analysis but a critique of others' empirical methods.
Originally posted by True_Confederate
My other source, "History of the American Economy" is a 2006 book and its volume on the US slave economy re-affirms the facts presented in "Time on the Cross".
According to Time on the Cross, "Slave health care was at its best for pregnant women. 'Pregnant women,' wrote one planter, ' must be treated with great tenderness, worked near home and lightly" (p.122)
Review by Thomas Weiss, Department of Economics, University of Kansas.
"It now appears that children rather than adults were the principal victims of malnutrition. [and] Much of the new story turns on the overwork of pregnant women" (1989, p. 285). In Without Consent or Contract, Fogel puts it this way "Masters were not generally guilty of working field hands to death, but they were guilty of so overworking pregnant women that infant death rates were pushed to extraordinary levels" (p. 153).
Historians were all too eager to think that cliometric techniques had led Fogel and Engerman to what historians saw as outlandish conclusions. Perhaps for this reason, cliometricians felt some duty to defend the cliometric methodology and came down harder on the authors, questioning the quality of Fogel and Engerman's data, analysis and interpretation. Sutch's work on the material treatment of slaves, was a detailed attempt to replicate the results of Fogel and Engerman and he "found so many errors of computation or citation, data so selective or weak, and the presentation of the results so distorted that I have been forced to conclude that Time on the Cross is a failure" (1975, p. 339)
Originally posted by True_Confederate
What is to be said about Northerners who portrayed the black slave as docile, uncivilized and unproductive? Even though it has been proven that the black slaves were 34% more productive than their white northern counterparts?
[edit on 1-10-2007 by True_Confederate]