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A novel design methodology for waverider is proposed based on the conical flow field, named volume-improved osculating-cone waveriders. The new waverider is generated through three given curves, including flow capture curve, inlet capture curve, and curve of the center of exit shock. To meet more design requirements, the curve of the center of exit shock, which can be flexibly designed, is newly introduced to generate configurations with different properties and performances. The feasibility and effectiveness of the method have been verified by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The discrepancies between the volume-improved osculating-cone waverider and conventional waveriders are numerically analyzed in detail. The results demonstrate that the new waverider takes the advantage of the volumetric efficiency with little loss of performance compared to the conventional waveriders in design conditions. Furthermore, the results of the off-design conditions show excellent aerodynamic performance as the conventional waverider. Moreover, for bluntness with a radius of 10 mm, the new waverider synthetically owns higher viscous lift-to-drag ratio and greater volumetric efficiency than conventional configurations at 0° angle of attack. Therefore, the novel approach is useful to design the hypersonic waverider vehicle.
Ignition characteristics of a kerosene fueled supersonic combustor has been numerically and experimentally investigated in the present paper. Flame luminosity images and wall pressure measurements are used for better understanding the ignition and combustion characteristics, air throttling is used to enhance ignition in the combustor. The results are obtained under the inflow condition of Ma number 2.0, total pressure 1.0 MPa and total temperature 1100 K which corresponds to Ma4.5 flight condition. When the ER (Equivalence Ratio) of kerosene is 0.19, the kerosene cannot be ignited at all only by the spark plug. When the flux ratio of air throttling (the ratio of mass flux of air throttling to mass flux of the inflow air) is 9.1%, a small part of kerosene can be ignited, but the flame is blown off soon. When the throttling air flux ratio is increased to 13.7% or 24.5%, the kerosene can be ignited successfully, and the combustion is stable and intense. Cold room temperature liquid kerosene can be ignited successfully by the spark plug with the aid of the throttling air.
A novel thermal protection concept that combines the aerodome and cooling nitrogen is introduced for aeroheating reduction in high-speed flights. Study involves the fluid–thermal interaction between the blunt body and surrounding fluid. After detailed grid and time step verification and numerical validation with available experimental results, the influence of jet pressure and jet distance on the aeroheating reduction performance are analyzed comprehensively. Results indicate that the advantages of the novel combination of aerodome and cooling nitrogen over the conventional opposing jet are mainly embodied in the following three aspects. Firstly, the stability of both the aerodome-jet and the flow field structure can be ensured in wide ranges of flight speed and jet pressure, due to the existence of aerodome. Secondly, on the premise of providing overall thermal protection for the blunt body, emphasis is placed on the direct and continuous cooling of the front part of blunt body where severe aeroheating occurs. Thirdly, the thermal protection performance can be improved without sacrificing the drag reduction performance by selecting a suitable set of jet pressure and jet distance.
Supersonic combustor is one of the core components in the scramjet, so it is of great significance to monitor the combustion modes in the combustor to ensure the safe and stable operation of the scramjet engine. Traditionally, several key parameters or manually-engineered features are selected as the indicators to evaluate the operation conditions, which usually heavily depends on the professional experience and carries considerable limitations. Convolutional neural networks have been proved to be effective in automatic feature extraction and have shown better generalization performance. Hence, it is attractive and promising to apply Convolutional neural networks to condition monitoring in mechanical systems due to their excellent ability of pattern recognition. To accomplish the classification of combustion modes, a convolutional neural network based method is proposed, which can learn features directly from the raw pressure data collected during supersonic combustion experiments. Meanwhile, the proposed method is compared with the traditional machine learning methods, such as multilayer perceptron, k-nearest neighbor, single-hidden layer feedforward neural network, and support vector machine. Furthermore, feature data is constructed by manual statistical features from time domain and frequency domain. The raw data and feature data are both considered to study the influence of feature extraction methods on the performance of different models. The results show that the proposed convolutional neural network based method is able to reveal intrinsic features from raw data and effectively complete the classification of four main combustion modes occurring in the combustor. The novel approach achieves a higher classification accuracy and better generalization performance than other comparative methods.
The high specific impulse of the ramjet engine, coupled with the potential of a gel to carry boron particles, makes the boron-based gel fuel ramjet a most appropriate solution for a mid-high range sustainer. The current research work aims at verifying the empirical feasibility of this kind of a concept, besides studying the combustor performance. A test facility and a lab-scale motor have been designed and developed for the investigation of the impact of the chamber length and boron particle content on the combustion efficiency of the motor. As the results suggest, the combustion efficiency declines with the increasing boron particle content. Moreover, a higher combustion efficiency was attained with the longer chamber. As the mass fraction of boron particles reaches 40%, the combustion efficiency, which is based on the temperature rise, still has the potential to reach 80%.
China is the world leader in hypersonic tech.
originally posted by: RudeMarine
They plan on pulling off the fake Alien invasion before too long. When the threat of Russia and Chinese Communism completely disappears they will use it to justify two things.
One thing is to try and force everyone into thinking Jesus was just a mortal man and two is to keep the military budget flowing to Lockheed and the rest.
Chinese scientists have developed a new heat-resistant material for hypersonic aircraft which can endure over 3,000 C from friction caused by a Mach 5-20 flight within the atmosphere.
The lead scientist on the project said the material outperforms all similar foreign-made ones with its high melting point, low density and high malleability.
The new material enables a hypersonic aircraft to fly at Mach 5-20 within the atmosphere for several hours, as the high heat resulting from the friction between the aircraft and the air reaches between 2,000 C to 3,000 C, a temperature normal metal would not be able to endure.
Normal metals melt at around 1,500 C, but this new material can bear over 3,000 C for an extended period, state-owned Hunan Television reported recently.
Unlike foreign technologies that use traditional refractory metals and carbon-carbon materials, the China-made new material is a composite of ceramics and refractory metals, Fan Jinglian, the lead scientist who developed the material and a professor at Central South University in Central China’s Hunan Province, told the Global Times.