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Originally posted by Griff
Originally posted by apex
otherwise how would a blacksmith ever make anything?
Ever see a blacksmith be able to do anything to steel that wasn't glowing red hot?
Did we see the steel glowing red hot on 9/11?
Originally posted by ferretman2
Griff - I did not start this thread so I'm under no obligation to refute such a stupid claim.
lacking in the 9/11 threads and from posts like the OP and yours.
Originally posted by Griff
Please provide evidence of this other than quotes. Thanks.
Originally posted by apex
And when it's got the top of a building on it, as opposed to a hammer, some deflection may occur.
The implications for designers are obvious. This structural behaviour is significantly different than that posed by present design techniques based upon the behaviour of single unrestrained structural elements in the standard fire test. This test is based upon statically determinate elements and the time to failure is based on a displacement criterion (often termed `runaway' failure). In contrast, increasing deflections are beneficial in real structures in that thermal strains give rise to deflections rather than increasing forces and moments in the members, and at the points of restraint, which may lead to catastrophic events. The large deflections give rise to increased P-d moments however, especially in highly restrained structures, which may be potentially detrimental to structural performance. There are two factors which make such an outcome unlikely; one, that this is a gradual phenomena which increases and peaks over the duration of the fire (coinciding with loss of steel properties); second, is the competing effect of thermal gradients (leading to tensions if end rotations are permitted), which reduces the compressions developed quite significantly. In fact this can be seen as a beneficial mechanism, leading to a `controlled' destruction of steel strength and therefore avoiding a potentially more destructive event, through inertia forces caused by a sudden release of strain energy.
Originally posted by Griff
Yes, some deflection may occur. Do you know that it is an engineering principle that a braced structure will fail in one direction? That means fail to one side and not into itself?
That means that for all walls to fail in, they had to become unbraced. How did this happen to WTC 7?
Originally posted by Griff
Nice try Deltaboy. I saw damage to the facade of WTC7. Can you point out the structural damage to it also? Thanks.
Originally posted by Griff
Wrong.
The towers stood after collapse. That means that the structural integrity of the buildings were NOT compromised. The buildings were able to shift the loads so that after the impacts, it was just the same as any other building.
Saying that the plane damage had any cause in collapse is a red herring.
Originally posted by apex
Is this referring to the entire structure, or each part individually?
Originally posted by JIMC5499
Your damn straight the structural integrity was compromised!
So now you have weakened structural elements supporting loads that they were not designed for.
In my opinion it was a miracle that the towers were still standing after the impacts.
You now have a damaged structure with fire reducing the strength of the remaining OVERLOADED elements.
I'm not even going into broken welds, sheared rivets and overloaded bolts. For all anyone knows even if there wasn't a fire, the towers could have collapsed the next time the wind blew.
Take off the blinders of your agenda and take another look at what is being shoveled here.
Originally posted by deltaboy
Originally posted by Griff
Nice try Deltaboy. I saw damage to the facade of WTC7. Can you point out the structural damage to it also? Thanks.
(-_-) You might as well ask me if I was in WTC7 looking at every inch of the damage cause by debris.
Originally posted by Griff
No, they were designed for those overstresses (as you put it). What is a FOS? It is a safety factor enabling the member to be overstressed from what it was designed for. Exactly what happened.
They stopped using rivets in buildings long before the towers were built.
Originally posted by BrokenVisage
Also, where is the spire that supposedly ripped through the front of WTC7 leaving a gash? I see no such spire in the video you provided, merely debris being ejected (a perplexity in and of itself if demolition wasn't used) in a cloud of pulverized concrete. Enough to start fires? Absolutely. Enough to start fires, weaken a building at its cores, and reduce it's integrity to near nothing as it collapsed almost exactly on its own footprint? Don't be ridiculous. Or in your case, stop being ridiculous.
Originally posted by Boone 870
Griff. Are you saying that the damage caused by the aircraft impacts had no effects on the structural integrity of towers one and two? Just the impacts, not the fires.
Originally posted by JIMC5499
BOOM! Building fall down!
Yes, I know that they stopped assembling building structures with rivets, but rivets are still used today in prefabricated building sections. I suggest that you take another look at the construction pictures posted in other threads. Some of the prefabricated structures were riveted.