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diffusion of innovations, model that attempts to describe how novel products, practices, or ideas are adopted by members of a social system. The theory of diffusion of innovations originated in the first half of the 20th century and was later popularized by American sociologist Everett M. Rogers in his book Diffusion of Innovations, first published in 1962.
Communication channels and the agents of change affect the diffusion process as well. Communication channels include face-to-face communication and mass communication, while agents of change are those individuals who bring innovations to members of a social system. Agents of change may be members of the community or individuals outside the social structure of the community. Diffusion analysis must consider who talks to whom, who is considered influential and trustworthy, and who has easy access to or is barred from various communication channels. Characteristics of the potential adopters are of critical concern. Overall, factors such as socioeconomic status, culture, gender, race, age, cultural norms, religion, education, social support, and family ties all influence access to and perceptions of the innovation.
originally posted by: Oldcarpy2
a reply to: RussianTroll
"Yes , we all know what happened to boys in English educational institutions, when any person who graduated from college as a result of studying (I remember Pink Floyd, The Wall), already had homosexual experience. "
You know this, how?
Ideas, disease, and technology all spread. Some gain momentum faster than others and some die out after reaching a peak. Researchers and marketers often want to ‘time’ the adoption and diffusion of a new product or technology.
Developed by Frank Bass (1969), the Bass Model is a basic and widely used model of diffusion. The model is parsimonious with only three parameters and is popularly used in marketing for predicting future sales of a product, and in agriculture for estimating adoption of hybrid and genetically modified seeds.
The article will walk through the solution and calibration of the Bass Model and then apply it to the Nuclear Weapons test data in R to visualize the adoption of nuclear weapons over time.
Just because a new fact or idea seems right, doesn’t mean it will spread like wildfire. Evolution, hand washing in hospitals, the inevitability that personal computers were the future of technology — none of these ideas were accepted immediately, even though they seem obvious today. Change takes time. But why?
The short answer is we’re intellectually stubborn. We don’t always weigh all the evidence before we make a decision, and this is especially true if a change of opinion requires a wholesale overhaul of our worldview. Usually, we’re defensive in the face of change, spouting alternative theories and contradictory data. Although this type of resistance can help keep everyone honest, it can also produce very bad effects.
Just take Ignaz Semmelweis — a physician who recommended doctors clean their hands prior to delivering babies — who was ignored and essentially driven mad by his colleagues’ refusal to accept the truth. But eventually, in the face of overwhelming evidence, the majority will generally accept the new theory, before their recalcitrance becomes too counterproductive.
originally posted by: onestonemonkey
a reply to: RussianTroll
To me that suggests that some degree of our consciousness is external to our physical brain.
The most interesting about RTs threads are the few posters that come out like clockwork not missing any opportunity to bash the Poster...
Tell me you have a personal bias without tellimg me you have a personal bias...
Now, interpretations of Calhoun’s work have changed. Inglis-Arkell explains that the main problem of the habitats he created wasn’t really a lack of space. Rather, it seems likely that Universe 25’s design enabled aggressive mice to stake out prime territory and guard the pens for a limited number of mice, leading to overcrowding in the rest of the world.
However we interpret Calhoun’s experiments, though, we can take comfort in the fact that humans are not rodents. Follow-up experiments by other researchers, which looked at human subjects, found that crowded conditions didn’t necessarily lead to negative outcomes like stress, aggression or discomfort.
Looking back on the Universe 25 experiment with present day scientific perspective, the limits of its interpretations are evident. The research was largely observational and subjective. Calhoun described his study as “not normal science,” referring to it instead as an “observation and reconstruction of a process.”2 Observational studies have a higher risk of bias and confusing correlation with causation.3 Scientists have suggested that Universe 25 suffers from inaccurate interpretation of experimental outcomes, methods, and potentially confounding variables,4 which reflect information bias.
originally posted by: RussianTroll
a reply to: Freeborn
The English have not liked the Russians since the time of the Crimean temnik Mamai, who went to Rus', which ended in the famous Battle of Kulikovo, where Mamai was defeated, and Rus' stopped paying tribute to the Horde. Many bankers from Belgium, Holland, Lombardy, Genoa and Venice invested in Mamai's campaign in the hope of robbing Rus'. The Genoese even sent their warriors. The investments (enormous at that time) collapsed. Later, these same bankers from Lombardy and Belgium invested in Cromwell, won a victory and became the founders of the Bank of England. But they did not forget the loss of their investments in Russia. This is the origin of England's hatred of Russia, even despite the fact that the imperial courts of both countries were related.
I know world history quite well, and the history of Russia even better. If you want, I will publish a topic in which I will reveal all the genetic and migration origins of all the peoples who conquered the British Isles at one time. Their genetics, haplogroups, where they came from, who they defeated and where they went after being defeated by the next aliens. All the peoples of Britain. But this will be a huge article in terms of volume. I am not sure that it will suit the format of our forum.
In any case, thank you for your opinion, I appreciate it.