posted on Jul, 8 2023 @ 02:41 AM
Telepathy has been tested for by the ganzfeld experiment, wherein the probability of accuracy occurring accidentally, causing a false positive, should
have been 25%.
The first meta-analysis of ganzfeld was conducted at the annual convention of the Parapsychological Association in 1982, when Charles Honorton
provided a paper summarizing the results of all known ganzfeld experiments to date. 34 published reports by 10 researchers. 42 experiments. Only 28
experiments reported actual hit rate. 23 of these 28 reported greater than chance hit rates. When the hit rate for all 28 studies were combined, odds
against chance were calculated as ten billion to one.
Autoganzfeld experiments were then conducted attempting to put as strict a variety of controls on the ganzfeld procedure as possible (starting in
1983), and the final result was a probability telepathy had been successfully demonstrated of forty-five thousand to one.
As of 1997, the overall odds against chance promoted that telepathy is reliably demonstrated by ganzfeld, all published experiments taken into
account, is beyond a million billion to one.
Remote viewing experiments were done in the 1970s when various US government agencies initiated a program at Stanford Research Institute (SRI), a
think tank affiliated w/ Stanford University.
In 1990, the program moved to Science Application International Corporation (SAIC), a defense contractor. The program finally settled down in 1994,
after 24 years of support from the CIA, Defense Intelligence Agency, the Army, the Navy, and NASA.
In a typical experiment, the remote viewer was asked to sketch, describe, or both, a distant target not visible to the naked eye.
All but the earliest studies at SRI (and all SAIC experiments) evaluate results using “rank-order judging”: after a remote viewer had sketched,
described, or both, the target hir was instructed to scry out, a judge blind to the true target looked at the viewer’s response along with
photographs or videos of four decoy targets and one actual target. The judge was asked to assign a rank to each possible target, 1 for most likely, 5
for least likely to be the one described by the remote viewer. The results were then scored based upon how close the judge was to the target the
remote viewer had been assigned.
Results of these experiments were published and subjected to open criticism, which tightened the controls on the experiments.
In 1988 Edwin May & colleagues analyzed all psi experiments conducted at SRI from 1973 until then. 154 experiments, more than 26,000 separate trials.
Just over a thousand trials were laboratory remote-viewing tests. Statistical analysis of data indicated odds against chance that remote viewing was
demonstrated to be more than a billion billion to one.