posted on May, 7 2023 @ 11:16 AM
I was wondering how long it would take for this to happen.
The problem lies in the nature of electricity generation. We use AC power, meaning the actual voltage between "hot" and "neutral" varies continuously
between about +180 volts, back to zero volts, on to about -180 volts, back to zero volts, and back to about +180 volts. There the cycle starts all
over again, repeating 60 times a second (60 Hertz) following a nice, smooth sine wave. The result is approximately the same amount of power flow that
one would get if 120 volts DC power were used.
Before anyone gets the bright idea of "Let's just switch to DC power," that's a pretty huge order. In the first place, AC is much, much, MUCH more
efficient than AC power during long distance distribution. That efficiency comes from the fact that transformers, which are some of the most efficient
devices known, can easily convert AC voltages so we can bring the voltage levels up and down easily. Transformers simply will not work on DC power.
It's not possible. Electricity does not work that way. DC power can be voltage-converted, but this process uses some pretty fancy technology
especially when dealing with very high voltages.
In the second place, electric motors are either AC or DC. One cannot (at least not that we know of) create a motor that will operate off of either AC
or DC power. So if we were to switch over to DC power lines, all AC motors would have to be replaced or special circuitry to produce AC power from DC
power would have to be installed. That special circuitry has a name: power inverters. If anyone has really researched power inverters, the ones that
are capable of high-impedance loads (aka, can run large AC motors like are in many appliances) are quite expensive. They are called "true sine wave"
inverters. They are also pretty inefficient.
What most "green" energy sources do, seeing as most "green" energy produces DC power, is use smaller inverters to convert the DC power to AC power.
Typically, modified sine wave inverters are used. Remember that; it will be important later.
So the bottom line is we are stuck with AC power transmission, at least in the foreseeable future.
In order to tie a home power supply to the grid, one must install a "grid-tie" inverter. This special inverter senses the power on the grid and forces
the inverter to apply the right voltage at the right time. If, for instance, the grid were at +180 volts while the inverter were trying to put out
-180 volts, that would be a dead short between 360 volts! That's not a fire... that is an explosion. We have breakers and fuses throughout our entire
grid and your entire home just to prevent that from happening.
But when any inverter puts power into the grid, it shifts the frequency by a tiny, tiny amount. It takes time for the grid-tie inverter to produce the
power to match the grid, and during that time the grid has changed power levels a little. Now, for a single home inverter, this time isn't enough to
worry about... a millisecond, perhaps a few microseconds. That doesn't make much difference when a 10kW system is supplying power to a 10MW system.
But, when one gets too many of the smaller systems working at the same time, with each one adding a tiny bit of time-based distortion, many reading
the house next door instead of the actual grid itself, and those time delays can add up to the point where the grid is not actually receiving power...
it's just equalizing power. That's heat moving back and forth through the grid overheating it.
Add in modified sine wave, which is really just rapid sudden steps in voltage instead of a smooth sine wave like from the grid, and the distortion
becomes massive. In short, one house producing power for the grid in a neighborhood is no problem... two or three probably not a big deal... but 100?
1000? Now you've got a problem. That could take the whole grid down. The system is simply not scalable.
Someone asked why not use a stand-alone system. That will work (except in California; they are illegal there last time I looked), but the sun does not
shine at night. The wind does not blow 24/7. Commercial power producers have backups to any "green" production so they can still produce power even if
the winds are calm and the sun isn't shining. No homeowner can afford such a set-up. So if one wants a 100% stand-alone system, one has two options:
either install a few hundred thousand dollars worth of back-up power and connect to some sort of fossil fuel delivery system, or sit in the dark and
cold when the weather isn't cooperating. With grid-tie, one can simply start pulling any energy deficiency in their home system from the power grid.
Batteries are simply not an economical consideration... enough batteries to power a normal home for a single day and two nights (which can easily be
needed should there be an extremely cloudy day with no wind) would likely cost hundreds of thousands of dollars... just for the batteries! And that's
using the latest and greatest technology, while discounting the fact that those batteries would need replacement every few years.
Can technology fix this? Sure! Give us 20 years or so and someone will probably work out how to synchronize all the small power stations. Now? Uhhh...
these things take time.
This is what happens when people are appointed to positions of power based on political affiliation instead of ability. No one in the DoE likely saw
this coming, but the power companies did... that's why they started refusing hookups. Power companies hire engineers instead of pundits because they
don't want their equipment to malfunction over political ideology. Regulators hire pundits instead of engineers because they don't care about the
equipment... they care about ideology.
As this trend continues, not only will a lot of people lose everything they have for taking out bad loans they can never repay because they listened
to ideology instead of engineers, but the power grids will be pushed to their limits as power companies try to squeeze every last dollar out of their
equipment; grid-tie personal production systems are an economic boon for the power company. One spike will eventually be all it takes and no more
power for anyone. Physics does not care what color the supply is... electrons do not care what color the supply is.
I really feel sorry for the people in California... last I heard all California personal production was required by law to be grid-tied. The only
solution should the grids go down over this is to have a non-grid-tied system ready to go. Should that happen, people will learn very quickly to
appreciate what they lost.
TheRedneck