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Counterfactual quantum cryptography (CQC) is used here as a tool to assess the status of the quantum state: Is it real/ontic (an objective state of Nature) or epistemic (a state of the observer's knowledge)? In contrast to recent approaches to wave function ontology, that are based on realist models of quantum theory, here we recast the question as a problem of communication between a sender (Bob), who uses interaction-free measurements, and a receiver (Alice), who observes an interference pattern in a Mach-Zehnder set-up. An advantage of our approach is that it allows us to define the concept of "physical", apart from "real". In instances of counterfactual quantum communication, reality is ascribed to the interaction-freely measured wave function (ψ) because Alice deterministically infers Bob's measurement. On the other hand, ψ does not correspond to the physical transmission of a particle because it produced no detection on Bob's apparatus. We therefore conclude that the wave function in this case (and by extension, generally) is real, but not physical. Characteristically for classical phenomena, the reality and physicality of objects are equivalent, whereas for quantum phenomena, the former is strictly weaker. As a concrete application of this idea, the nonphysical reality of the wavefunction is shown to be the basic nonclassical phenomenon that underlies the security of CQC.
Intuition from our everyday lives gives rise to the belief that information exchanged between remote parties is carried by physical particles. Surprisingly, in a recent theoretical study [Salih H, Li ZH, Al-Amri M, Zubairy MS (2013) Phys Rev Lett 110:170502], quantum mechanics was found to allow for communication, even without the actual transmission of physical particles. From the viewpoint of communication, this mystery stems from a (nonintuitive) fundamental concept in quantum mechanics—wave-particle duality. All particles can be described fully by wave functions. To determine whether light appears in a channel, one refers to the amplitude of its wave function. However, in counterfactual communication, information is carried by the phase part of the wave function. Using a single-photon source, we experimentally demonstrate the counterfactual communication and successfully transfer a monochrome bitmap from one location to another by using a nested version of the quantum Zeno effect.
originally posted by: TzarChasm
The gaps are a reference to the historical pattern where every divine event turned out to have a natural explanation and no discernible cosmic influence at all, suggesting miracles are just science we haven't puzzled out yet and god is a lazy answer.
originally posted by: Puppylove
a reply to: neoholographic
Oh the information dump tactic using copy/paste and having others argue for you. Yeah fine, you win. Too depressed and too drunk to respond to that. Was hoping for more concise thoughts in your own words.
originally posted by: TzarChasm
So why does this godly agency that designed and orchestrated reality as we know it, because it's so unbelievably smart, need you to post a thread about mathematical probability instead of just delivering its own message in person? This thread seems a little try hard for something that so blatantly exists in proximity to our society. You are literally comparing this creature to a deck of cards to prove its existence because that's all you can give us.
originally posted by: neoholographic
originally posted by: TzarChasm
So why does this godly agency that designed and orchestrated reality as we know it, because it's so unbelievably smart, need you to post a thread about mathematical probability instead of just delivering its own message in person? This thread seems a little try hard for something that so blatantly exists in proximity to our society. You are literally comparing this creature to a deck of cards to prove its existence because that's all you can give us.
What? Pure nonsense.
When did I say the intelligence that encodes the sequence of a medium with information is the same as the medium it's encoding? Have you even read the thread?
originally posted by: neoholographic
How is it possible that a medium can encode it's sequence with information and build the machinery to decode the information?
originally posted by: Krahzeef_Ukhar
originally posted by: neoholographic
How is it possible that a medium can encode it's sequence with information and build the machinery to decode the information?
I don't think it is possible.
Isn't it sort of like asking if you can be your own father?
A medium cannot encode their own sequence. And a medium is the machinery to decode information so its a bit of a tautology perhaps.
But you are correct even if the phrase is essentially meaningless.
originally posted by: Puppylove
a reply to: neoholographic
Bah, If intelligence is required to create intelligence what intelligence created the intelligence which created intelligence.
There's my now now drunk as a skunk retort
A fundamental scientific assumption called local realism conflicts with certain predictions of quantum mechanics. Those predictions have now been verified, with none of the loopholes that have compromised earlier tests.
originally posted by: Raggedyman
originally posted by: dragonridr
originally posted by: neoholographic
a reply to: Puppylove
You said:
when it is in every way plausible
Tell me how it's plausible.
How can a medium encode it's sequence with information and build the machinery to decode the information?
Waiting........
How can it not? Saying some magical being created it really isnt an answer is it? And thats the problem your arguing that god exists because we cant explain something.
Well they used to now be able to explain lightening thought that was god. Anytime your trying to prove something exists by assuming something isnt posible you all ready lost the debate.
To say something isnt possible how can you prove this?
Ok let’s imagine there is no God, I am happy with that
Then
“How can a medium encode it's sequence with information and build the machinery to decode the information”
The question remains, God or naught,
You just insert “God” to deny facing the question, just an excuse so you don’t have to admit that science and you don’t have an answer
You can’t admit you have no answer so just say
“You think God did it , nah nah” and that’s not an answer, that’s deflection, that’s trolling
originally posted by: dragonridr
originally posted by: Raggedyman
originally posted by: dragonridr
originally posted by: neoholographic
a reply to: Puppylove
You said:
when it is in every way plausible
Tell me how it's plausible.
How can a medium encode it's sequence with information and build the machinery to decode the information?
Waiting........
How can it not? Saying some magical being created it really isnt an answer is it? And thats the problem your arguing that god exists because we cant explain something.
Well they used to now be able to explain lightening thought that was god. Anytime your trying to prove something exists by assuming something isnt posible you all ready lost the debate.
To say something isnt possible how can you prove this?
Ok let’s imagine there is no God, I am happy with that
Then
“How can a medium encode it's sequence with information and build the machinery to decode the information”
The question remains, God or naught,
You just insert “God” to deny facing the question, just an excuse so you don’t have to admit that science and you don’t have an answer
You can’t admit you have no answer so just say
“You think God did it , nah nah” and that’s not an answer, that’s deflection, that’s trolling
Who are you to say a medium cant encode its sequence odds are a funny thing. Given enough time anything can happen. For example, a royal flush in poker its probability is 0.000154% yet we have so many players and so many play poker it happens. During this 'prebiotic' stage, we believe the first polymeric molecules capable of storing information and reproducing themselves were randomly assembled from organic precursors that were available on the early Earth. These organic precursors have already been found even in asteroids.
Meaning we now know the early solar system had everything it needed to develop life. Id argue however that proves nothing more than it might be possible. With a number large enough and time who is to say what could happen. You can no more rule out chance than I can rule out the hand of God. But I'm not trying to prove chance exists by making false claims.
Humanity has a data storage problem: More data were created in the past 2 years than in all of preceding history. And that torrent of information may soon outstrip the ability of hard drives to capture it. Now, researchers report that they’ve come up with a new way to encode digital data in DNA to create the highest-density large-scale data storage scheme ever invented. Capable of storing 215 petabytes (215 million gigabytes) in a single gram of DNA, the system could, in principle, store every bit of datum ever recorded by humans in a container about the size and weight of a couple of pickup trucks.
Scientists have been storing digital data in DNA since 2012. That was when Harvard University geneticists George Church, Sri Kosuri, and colleagues encoded a 52,000-word book in thousands of snippets of DNA, using strands of DNA’s four-letter alphabet of A, G, T, and C to encode the 0s and 1s of the digitized file. Their particular encoding scheme was relatively inefficient, however, and could store only 1.28 petabytes per gram of DNA. Other approaches have done better. But none has been able to store more than half of what researchers think DNA can actually handle, about 1.8 bits of data per nucleotide of DNA. (The number isn’t 2 bits because of rare, but inevitable, DNA writing and reading errors.)