In the beginning... Time, planets and life.

originally posted by: AnthonyByrd
either way.. we'll get sucked up by the sun...

Indeed, the world IS ending.

Well, in about 5 billion years.

Plenty of time to fit in the last season of Game Of Thrones.

a reply to: LSU2018

They might have used earthen ramps, perhaps wrapped around the pyramid, to get the higher stones to their places.

They did have ropes, and the larger stones could have been moved on wooden sleds.

There are hieroglyphs that show large stones being moved by people pulling wooden sleds with ropes -- and interstingly there are hieroglyphs that show a worker adding water to the sand in front of the sled. It's been shown that adding a little bit of water to the sand can reduce the friction to the point that only half the manpower is needed compared to pulling across dry sand:

Ancient Egyptians transported pyramid stones over wet sand

As For moving large stones more precisely into it'sd place on the pyramid, here's a video of a guy who figured out how to mow large stones precisely just using the power of one person and some rudimentary tools. There is no reason why someone in ancient Egypt could not have figured out these same techniques.


As for the number of smooth stonesthat needed to be carefully cut and be required to be moved into a specific place, people like Erik von Daniken greatly over-estimated the number of such stones when they started their theories doubting that men could do it in a plausible amount of time.

Most of thise people are under the incorrect impression that the entire bulk of the pyramids are built from such smooth stones. However, in reality only the exposed stnes and some internal structure requires large an precisely-cut stones. The main bulk of the pyramid is made form rubble and smaller stones that could just be dumped by the cart-ful into the pyrmid as it was being built.

Using these techniques for moving the stones via sled, wrapping an earthen ramp around and up the pyramid. and using rubble stones for the bulk of the material that makes up the pyramid, there is no reason that the Egyptians could not build them.

originally posted by: LSU2018

originally posted by: Soylent Green Is People

originally posted by: Parishna
And more than that, when the big bang spread matter into every corner of an expanding, infinite universe...

Not exactly. The Big Bang (as the theory goes) did not spread matter into every corner of the universe, per se, because there was no universe in which to spread matter. And when I say "no universe", I mean no fabric of space-time in which we (the stuff that makes us) could exist.

According to the theory, the universe and all the stuff in it all expanded together after the Big Bang.

That is to say, the Big Bang was not an explosion that sent the stuff everywhere through the universe, but was an expansion of the universe itself (a universe full of stuff).

Or simply put.... God created it all. With human footprints found below dino footprints, I think there was a race of humans here that advanced and were eventually wiped out, perhaps, by the same comet that killed the dinos. In this unproven and unscientific theory, they progressed to the dangerous level humans are again advancing towards. Which brings me to another topic... How old are the Pyramids, really? Who built them? There weren't enough men, as we know men to look, in those days to lift those perfectly cut multi-ton stones and if there were, how did they get them up past the first level? No tree would be strong enough to support a ramp to climb, no rope, not even a chain from today. There are lots of questions out there that we'll never be able to answer, the universe and solar systems is just one more.

That doesn’t answer any of my questions and the ones you’ve posed are not relevant to this thread.

To answer your questions, no god has ever or will ever exist. Human footprints have never been found to be chronologically older than dinosaur footprints. There is a wealth of evidence that Egyptians could have and did indeed build pyramids, cities, farms and boats. The boats were stable enough to carry cut stones of many tonnes and were held together by rope.

If we could get back to my topic please?

Scientists from the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, and their colleagues from the international ALICE collaboration recently collided xenon nuclei, in order to gain new insights into the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (the QGP) – the matter that the universe consisted of up to a microsecond after the Big Bang. The QGP, as the name suggests, is a special state consisting of the fundamental particles, the quarks, and the particles that bind the quarks together, the gluons. The result was obtained using the ALICE experiment at the 27 km long superconducting Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The result is now published in Physics Letters B.

phys.org - The early universe was a fluid quark-gluon plasma.

That comes before helium, hydrogen, and the other particles listed in OP. The stuff Universe is made of had to cool down enough first to actually condense out into particles and the physics we know today. What gravity is has yet to be determined (oh, we can measure it; we can quantify it; we can send space probes to distant planets if we all use the metric system!; and even launch a probe (NASA Voyager 2) that could be nearing interstellar space, also phys.org). But we still don't know what it is! That leads to large filaments of "stuff" whirling around points in space. Those points heat up, ignition happens, fusion takes place, and larger particles are made. Things blow up as the envelope expands creating new galaxies (globular clusters).

The mind boggles at these distances and structures! Galaxies crash into each other. Black holes collide. Neutron stars collide. Some go rouge and whizz by. There was a story also at phys.org about wandering stars whizzing by the Milky Way from outside the Milky Way just the other day (something like 20 such objects were spotted).

Life? Who can think of such things! It is d@mn near miraculous that Universe exists in the first place! Please google: fine structure constant. Just how small and insignificant we are in the scheme of things (there are more insects on earth than there are people!) cannot be over stated. Or misunderestimated.

Almost makes one believe in a Creator. Almost.

Luminous beings are we, not this crude matter - (iirc, Shaq said this )

And if nothing else. This crude matter came from light. It came from the stars. And one day, it shall return to the stars!

I wouldn't get hung up so much on the matter of "time." We use the concept as a convenience, but the energy of the universe is not particularly bound by it.

originally posted by: TEOTWAWKIAIFF
phys.org - The early universe was a fluid quark-gluon plasma.

Where did quarks and gluons come from? What about electrons that were needed to create atoms?

originally posted by: wildespace

originally posted by: TEOTWAWKIAIFF
phys.org - The early universe was a fluid quark-gluon plasma.

Where did quarks and gluons come from? What about electrons that were needed to create atoms?

Meh...let's just say "vibrating strings". Why not.

originally posted by: Soylent Green Is People
Meh...let's just say "vibrating strings". Why not.

I prefer "wizards." Wizards done it.

a reply to: Soylent Green Is People

Very interesting, thank you. I just have such a tough time thinking that men could strategically place 2,300,000 stones that weigh 2.5 tons on average.

a reply to: TerraLiga

It's directly related to your thread (besides the pyramid and dino question), you just don't like to hear it. You'd rather discuss your theory and not hear anyone else's theory. What a sport.

originally posted by: LSU2018
a reply to: Soylent Green Is People

Very interesting, thank you. I just have such a tough time thinking that men could strategically place 2,300,000 stones that weigh 2.5 tons on average.

Here's a link to a website that estimated how long it would take to cut, move, and place over 2 million blocks. Again, that's NOT assuming there could be an interior volume that was just rubble rather than cut and carefully-placed stone -- which would reduce the time and man-hours.

However, even if we go with the 2 million smoothly-cut blocks, here's what they came up with:

This analysis provides an estimated total the man-hours needed based on estimates on how long it takes to move and place a stome, assuming a reasonable workday and a 10-year project duration. Taking these into account, this analysis comes up with an avergae workforce of 13,200 workers were needed -- with actual number at any given time maybe rising and reducing depending on the specific needs during the 10-year time frame -- but averaging 13,200.

Note: This link opens directly to a 10-page PDF file:
www.ekt.bme.hu...

originally posted by: LSU2018
a reply to: TerraLiga

It's directly related to your thread (besides the pyramid and dino question), you just don't like to hear it. You'd rather discuss your theory and not hear anyone else's theory. What a sport.

Your theory is god did it so there is no question?

Personally I’d rather have more meaningful and scientific answers to my questions. If all you have is god then please move along to the next thread to infiltrate with your delusional and ignorant blind faith. You are worth nothing at all to me. Cheers!

Rpt

originally posted by: LSU2018
a reply to: Soylent Green Is People

Very interesting, thank you. I just have such a tough time thinking that men could strategically place 2,300,000 stones that weigh 2.5 tons on average.

It’s so disappointing to see somebody with such little faith in the ingenuity of his own species yet has seemingly unquestionable faith in something that can never, ever be proven.

originally posted by: Toolman18
a reply to: TerraLiga

You missed out on how do these expanding gasses exist in the first place? And at the perfect pressure? Any other small change and hydrogen doesn't exist. So how can you say these things existed in the beginning of the universe?

When the universe first formed, the density of sub-atomic material was so high that there were no atoms, electrons or photons. There just wasn't any vacuum space, just a soup of gluons and exchange particles. No gravity either, so everything just goes whoosh and expands without any momentum, inertia or mass.

Once everything has distanced itself, things can cool down. Individual protons can form and collect an electron. Photons can be emitted, and lost into the dark vacuum of space. Then gravity slowly pulls these photons together due to gravity waves bouncing around the universe and making things collide together. Then supermassive stars form, creating black holes, supernova, jets, further shockwaves and the cycle continues.

a reply to: blackcrowe

No. Don't explain how things are created through other created things. How are these things, like oxygen, created?

a reply to: stormcell

Gravity doesn't allow that. Either gravity was created after the big bang. Or it doesn't exist at all.

a reply to: Toolman18

Which has implications that people don't want to accept. We have no idea how everything is. But everything is. And we are. And that's that.

I’ll freely admit I don’t know any answers, but it seems that before the universe expanded it contained all the ingredients to make things, and the ingredients not to make things. I certainly don’t think it was destined to be that hydrogen would be formed, or anything else.

Gravity seems to be the property of one of those ingredients, electricity the property of another and mass of yet another. Why they have them, who knows. They don’t really amount to anything significant until you start building elements and structures with the ingredients.

A lot of equations seem to be ‘just right’ for this universe, from the properties of these building blocks to the quantity of elements and even to the position of our planet relative to our star. Perhaps in this particular universe the mix was right, but in the previous tries it wasn’t quite.

a reply to: Toolman18

Chemical elements constitute all of the ordinary matter of the universe. However astronomical observations suggest that ordinary observable matter makes up only about 15% of the matter in the universe: the remainder is dark matter; the composition of this is unknown, but it is not composed of chemical elements.[3] The two lightest elements, hydrogen and helium, were mostly formed in the Big Bang and are the most common elements in the universe. The next three elements (lithium, beryllium and boron) were formed mostly by cosmic ray spallation, and are thus rarer than heavier elements. Formation of elements with from 6 to 26 protons occurred and continues to occur in main sequence stars via stellar nucleosynthesis. The high abundance of oxygen, silicon, and iron on Earth reflects their common production in such stars. Elements with greater than 26 protons are formed by supernova nucleosynthesis in supernovae, which, when they explode, blast these elements as supernova remnants far into space, where they may become incorporated into planets when they are formed.[4] T

From here.

en.wikipedia.org...