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Some of the world's most renowned scientists are questioning whether the cosmos has an inner life similar to our own.
For centuries, modern science has been shrinking the gap between humans and the rest of the universe, from Isaac Newton showing that one set of laws applies equally to falling apples and orbiting moons to Carl Sagan intoning that “we are made of star stuff” — that the atoms of our bodies were literally forged in the nuclear furnaces of other stars.
Even in that context, Gregory Matloff’s ideas are shocking. The veteran physicist at New York City College of Technology recently published a paper arguing that humans may be like the rest of the universe in substance and in spirit. A “proto-consciousness field” could extend through all of space, he argues. Stars may be thinking entities that deliberately control their paths. Put more bluntly, the entire cosmos may be self-aware.
The notion of a conscious universe sounds more like the stuff of late night TV than academic journals. Called by its formal academic name, though, “panpsychism” turns out to have prominent supporters in a variety of fields. New York University philosopher and cognitive scientist David Chalmers is a proponent. So too, in different ways, are neuroscientist Christof Koch of the Allen Institute for Brain Science, and British physicist Sir Roger Penrose, renowned for his work on gravity and black holes. The bottom line, Matloff argues, is that panpsychism is too important to ignore.
“It’s all very speculative, but it’s something we can check and either validate or falsify,” he says.
One of the hallmarks of life is its ability to adjust its behavior in response to stimulus. Matloff began searching for astronomical objects that unexpectedly exhibit this behavior. Recently, he zeroed in on a little-studied anomaly in stellar motion known as Paranego’s Discontinuity. On average, cooler stars orbit our galaxy more quickly than do hotter ones. Most astronomers attribute the effect to interactions between stars and gas clouds throughout the galaxy. Matloff considered a different explanation. He noted that the anomaly appears in stars that are cool enough to have molecules in their atmospheres, which greatly increases their chemical complexity.
Matloff noted further that some stars appear to emit jets that point in only one direction, an unbalanced process that could cause a star to alter its motion. He wondered: Could this actually be a willful process? Is there any way to tell?
If Paranego’s Discontinuity is caused by specific conditions within the galaxy, it should vary from location to location. But if it is something intrinsic to the stars — as consciousness would be — it should be the same everywhere. Data from existing stellar catalogs seems to support the latter view, Matloff claims. Detailed results from the Gaia star-mapping space telescope, due in 2018, will provide a more stringent test.
Abstract
In 2011, I was invited to participate in a symposium at the London headquarters of the British Interplanetary Society. The subject of the symposium was the contributions of philosopher/science-fiction-author Olaf Stapledon. Instead of concentrating on the many technological projections in Stapledon’s masterwork Star Maker, I elected to investigate whether there is any evidence to support his core metaphysics—that the universe is in some sense conscious and that a portion of stellar motion is volitional (as an alternative to Dark Matter). Stars do not possess neurons or tubules, but the spectral signatures of cooler stars such as the Sun reveal the presence of simple molecules. A universal proto-consciousness field congruent with vacuum fluctuations could interact with molecular matter via the contribution of the Casimir Effect to molecular bonds. Surprisingly, there is observational evidence that cooler stars move somewhat faster around the galactic center than their hotter sisters. This velocity difference, called Parenago’s Discontinuity, occurs in the stellar temperature distribution where molecular spectral lines become apparent. Data from Allen’s Astrophysical Quantities and the European Hipparcos space observatory reveal that Parenago’s Discontinuity is found in main sequence stars as far as ~260 light years from the Sun and in giant stars at distances greater than 1,000 light years. As discussed in the paper, local explanations for Parenago’s Discontinuity seem inadequate. Gaia, a successor to Hipparcos, is currently on station observing positions and motions of ~1 billion stars in our galaxy. If the Discontinuity is a galaxy-wide phenomenon, the volitional star hypothesis will be advanced. One way that a minded star could alter its galactic trajectory is by the emission of a uni-directional jet. Such jets have been observed in young stars. Future work will hopefully show how uni-directional jets correlate with star temperature and distance from the galactic center. It is therefore not impossible that panpsychism can emerge from philosophy to become a subdivision of observational astrophysics.
“It’s all very speculative, but it’s something we can check and either validate or falsify,” he says.
Matloff is under no illusion that his colleagues will be convinced, but he remains upbeat: “Shouldn’t we at least be checking?
originally posted by: ParasuvO
a reply to: neoholographic
The answer is an easy NO.
And what a waste of time they are embarking on..they cant even find out stuff about Earth...deny many forms of provable consciousness on earth..and yet want to ask the Universe as a whole if it has a singular thought process??
This is easy...NO....and no consciousness invented it either...it is the result of the consciousness destroying itself...to give something new a chance to form.....
originally posted by: underwerks
a reply to: neoholographic
If a star is sentient, I wonder how you would communicate with it? Or if even our perception of time would allow us to recognize communication?
This is one of the more interesting theories I've read in a while.
S&F
originally posted by: neoholographic
a reply to: TzarChasm
Of course he's cautious as he should be.
Inflation started off as speculative, so did the existence of atoms. Einstein's SR and GR were seen as speculative by many who saw Theoretical Physics as a waste of time.
It just shows he's a good Scientist.
originally posted by: TzarChasm
originally posted by: neoholographic
a reply to: TzarChasm
Of course he's cautious as he should be.
Inflation started off as speculative, so did the existence of atoms. Einstein's SR and GR were seen as speculative by many who saw Theoretical Physics as a waste of time.
It just shows he's a good Scientist.
as a matter of curiosity, what would the practical applications be assuming tests confirm these hypotheses? how would we act on the knowledge that perhaps the universe is conscious on some level?
originally posted by: neoholographic
originally posted by: underwerks
a reply to: neoholographic
If a star is sentient, I wonder how you would communicate with it? Or if even our perception of time would allow us to recognize communication?
This is one of the more interesting theories I've read in a while.
S&F
Yes, it's very interesting. What makes it even more important is Psi experiments have been saying the same thing for years.
originally posted by: underwerks
originally posted by: neoholographic
originally posted by: underwerks
a reply to: neoholographic
If a star is sentient, I wonder how you would communicate with it? Or if even our perception of time would allow us to recognize communication?
This is one of the more interesting theories I've read in a while.
S&F
Yes, it's very interesting. What makes it even more important is Psi experiments have been saying the same thing for years.
Maybe a theory of the universe isn't complete without a theory of the mind, and it's interaction with it?
It says a lot that the effects of conscious observation can be measured. I feel like we're in the first stages of actually making headway into understanding our reality.