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originally posted by: Kashai
a reply to: sputniksteve
Wild animals in general do not respond in general of Operant Conditioning, or for that matter the Skinnerian Perspective.
Domesticated Animals do and with respect to Humans and in general often, do not respond the same way Wild Animals respond to a Stressor.
Might I suggest you review the data related to the "Stanford Prison Experiment".
originally posted by: Soylent Green Is People
originally posted by: sputniksteve
originally posted by: Phage
No. It isn't. It says that some people really think they hear voices that don't originate from their own heads.
The skeptic has been saying for years that Psychics are liars and charlatans but this study is telling us that some Psychics are telling the truth.
Just in case someone doesn't read the article, it says that you don't have to be tormented by those voices you hear. It just depend on your point of view.
They found that the voices experienced by this group are similar in many ways to those reported by people with schizophrenia, with a few big differences: Psychics are much more likely to perceive the voices as positive or helpful and as experiences that can be controlled, according to a new study published Sept. 28 in the journal Schizophrenia Bulletin.
How is that not the same thing as telling the truth?
Schizophrenic people are telling the truth when they say they hear voices in their brains. They do hear voices in their brains.
originally posted by: Kashai
a reply to: sputniksteve
It does not just depend upon a point of view.
A negative Hallucinatory experience related to Schizophrenia, immerses a patient with that condition with regard to all the senses.
Abstract
Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data have provided much evidence in support of our current view that schizophrenia is a brain disorder with altered brain structure, and consequently involving more than a simple disturbance in neurotransmission. This review surveys 118 peer–reviewed studies with control group from 1987 to May 1998. Most studies (81%) do not find abnormalities of whole brain/intracranial contents, while lateral ventricle enlargement is reported in 77%, and third ventricle enlargement in 67%. The temporal lobe was the brain parenchymal region with the most consistently documented abnormalities. Volume decreases were found in 62% of 37 studies of whole temporal lobe, and in 81% of 16 studies of the superior temporal gyrus (and in 100% with gray matter separately evaluated). Fully 77% of the 30 studies of the medial temporal lobe reported volume reduction in one or more of its constituent structures (hippocampus, amygdala, parahippocampal gyrus).
Despite evidence for frontal lobe functional abnormalities, structural MRI investigations less consistently found abnormalities, with 55% describing volume reduction. It may be that frontal lobe volume changes are small, and near the threshold for MRI detection. The parietal and occipital lobes were much less studied; about half of the studies showed positive findings. Most studies of cortical gray matter (86%) found volume reductions were not diffuse, but more pronounced in certain areas. About two thirds of the studies of subcortical structures of thalamus, corpus callosum and basal ganglia (which tend to increase volume with typical neuroleptics), show positive findings, as do almost all (91%) studies of cavum septi pellucidi (CSP). Most data were consistent with a developmental model, but growing evidence was compatible also with progressive, neurodegenerative features, suggesting a “two– hit” model of schizophrenia, for which a cellular hypothesis is discussed. The relationship of clinical symptoms to MRI findings is reviewed, as is the growing evidence suggesting structural abnormalities differ in affective (bipolar) psychosis and schizophrenia.
originally posted by: Kashai
a reply to: Soylent Green Is People
With respect to the OP and truth telling with regard to the subjects. Its possible they injected them with Sodium Amytal (or some equivalent) and then conducted an interview specifically about the voices they hear.
They used what is generally referred to as a "Truth Serum" one that actually works.
originally posted by: Kashai
a reply to: Soylent Green Is People
For various reasons there are people who lie about hearing voices so a truth serum can determine that.
originally posted by: Soylent Green Is People
However, just because a person truly believes himself to be psychic because he really does hear voices in his head, that doesn't necessarily mean that the voices are due to real psychic ability; it could be just a mental disorder causing his brain to create voices. In addition, the Yale researcher running the study did not necessarily specify if he thought the voices heard by the self-described psychics were due to real psychic ability.
originally posted by: Kashai
a reply to: Soylent Green Is People
That would depend on the information the person can provide in relation to what these voices are saying.
I mean if a person hears voices that tell the police where to find a missing person and based on that information they are found that is extraordinary.
What makes a person psychic is that they would be able to do that.
One reason a person like that would not be able to do the same thing in an experimental setting is matter of the stressors related to the missing person. It would be ethically inappropriate to put a person though similar stressors for scientific research.
The Human Stress Response: What Does Everyone Need to Know?
From Bloom, S. L. and Farragher, B. (2010) Destroying Sanctuary: The Crisis in Human Service Delivery Systems. New York: Oxford University Press. (pp. 102-106)
Like other animals, humans have formed a highly effective protective system that evolved in our original evolutionary environment when human beings lived in small groups of family members and were threatened by hungry predators. This defensive action system is a total body mobilization, driven by powerful neurochemicals that flood our brain and body. To survive, we must pay attention to any information from the environment that might help us, so many of our senses become more acute—eyes dilate, hearing improves, smells sharpen. Whenever threatened, our attention becomes riveted on the potential threat, and we become hypervigilant to what is going on in our surroundings. Peripheral details are screened out as our brain filters in only the most relevant information about the threat. This state is called “hyperarousal” (Horowitz 1986). Below the level of our conscious awareness, we choose appropriate survival-based action: fight, flight, freeze, appease. If we survive the threat, recuperation follows, which is characterized by rest and isolation, wound care, and gradual return to daily activities (van der Hart, Nijenhuis et al. 2005). [.ex]
www.mvbcn.org...
originally posted by: Kashai
a reply to: Soylent Green Is People
That reasoning for why the Yale Psychiatrist related to these subjects as psychic is not elaborated upon with respect to the OP's reference.