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Scientists at MIT have proven they can ‘hack’ living cells and programme them to carry out new tasks.
In the same way that computer language tells a machine how to operate, researchers have shown it is possible to write DNA ‘code’ and insert it into bacteria to alter how they function.
They hope that one day cells could be programmed so they could release cancer drugs on encountering a tumour, or allow plants to fight back with insecticide when a pest comes near.
“It is literally a programming language for bacteria,” said Christopher Voigt, an MIT professor of biological engineering.
“You use a text-based language, just like you’re programming a computer. Then you take that text and you compile it and it turns it into a DNA sequence that you put into the cell, and the circuit runs inside the cell.”
“You could be a student in high school and go onto the Web-based server and type out the program you want, and it spits back the DNA sequence.
“Unit now it would take years to build these types of circuits. Now you just hit the button and immediately get a DNA sequence to test.”
The language is based on Verilog, which is commonly used to program computer chips.
For 15 years bioengineers have been tinkering with genetic code to alter cells manually, but it is laborious and involves a great deal of trial and error.
But users of the new programming language need no special knowledge of genetic engineering. “You could be completely naive as to how any of it works. That’s what’s really different about this,” added Prof Voigt .
“You could be a student in high school and go onto the Web-based server and type out the program you want, and it spits back the DNA sequence.
originally posted by: TerryDon79
a reply to: neoholographic
You're looking at it side ways lol.
Genetics can be understood by us and possibly programmed by us by using computer code we made to understand it.
originally posted by: neoholographic
originally posted by: TerryDon79
a reply to: neoholographic
You're looking at it side ways lol.
Genetics can be understood by us and possibly programmed by us by using computer code we made to understand it.
it's already running so the language just allows us to alter the code and it doesn't take knowledge of genetic engineering to do this just knowledge of computer programming.
originally posted by: stormcell
DNA is built from amino acids; CTAG - these are actually read as +charge, -charge, magnetic field, no magnetic field. So DNA is basically magnetic tape. Then blocks of three amino acids form codons, and these form a codon table used to encode the other amino acids: en.wikipedia.org...
These in turn can be either acidic, polar, basic or nonpolar, and there are around 30 of these.
Using genetic manipulation, we can decode DNA and break it down into chromosomes and genes, all the way back down to the actual codons themselves. Then genes can be modified, deleted or added. Whole books have been written on all the different classes of proteins, enzymes and amino acids.
All of this is done using computer systems. It's quite possible to convert an ASCII string of DNA or RNA codons straight into actual genetic code using specialized chemical assembly systems. Then those genes can be inserted directly into cells.
originally posted by: Reverbs
originally posted by: neoholographic
originally posted by: TerryDon79
a reply to: neoholographic
You're looking at it side ways lol.
Genetics can be understood by us and possibly programmed by us by using computer code we made to understand it.
it's already running so the language just allows us to alter the code and it doesn't take knowledge of genetic engineering to do this just knowledge of computer programming.
Exactly..
Type words on a screen but that's just the instructions..
You still have to put the DNA you translated from ur code into a virus and infect a cell to get the program to execute.
It's only a few more level of understanding until all hell breaks lose.. Mommy I want a unicorn with zebra stripes..
originally posted by: Reverbs
a reply to: smurfy
Make bacteria hungry for pesticides or fertilizers for instance.. Give them a behavior to collect on the surface of water, maybe get them to use photosynthesis and want to be in better sunlight but also dive to the bottom over time and back up... Coded to hold in them and maybe even metabolize dangerous chemicals into other forms.. Certain bacteria are already resistant to bacteria killers (antibiotics) you could make them resistant or even like pesticides or fertilizers..
I bet you could program photosynthesis bacteria that have a super high metabolism so that they need even more carbon dioxide than normal, excreting even more oxygen for us..
Little scrubby buddies..
originally posted by: neoholographic
This will be a boon for healthcare though because like the article said, you could program cells to fight cancer and other diseases and we will be able to edit these things out all together.
The language is based on Verilog, which is commonly used to program computer chips.
originally posted by: DexterRiley
The language is based on Verilog, which is commonly used to program computer chips.
I'm not too familiar with Verilog, but if it's like any other programming language, there's probably ample opportunity to create semantic errors in the code.
What happens when your DNA code goes into an infinite loop?
-dex