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Engagements between pirates and American ships or squadrons took place repeatedly,
especially ashore and offshore about Cuba, Puerto Rico, Santo Domingo, and Yucatan. Three
thousand pirate attacks on merchantmen were reported between 1815 and 1823. In 1822,
Commodore James Biddle deployed a squadron of two frigates, four sloops of war, two brigs, four
schooners, and two gunboats in the West Indies.
1917-1918 World War I.
On April 6, 1917, the United States declared war with Germany and on
December 7, 1917, with Austria-Hungary. Entrance of the United States into the war was
precipitated by Germany’s submarine warfare against neutral shipping.