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The learned savant who guards the secrets of the great gods
They gave him the tablet of the gods, a secret of heaven and underworld
They put in his hand the cedar-rod, beloved of the great gods.
Tablet from Nineveh
Even a brief look at early Enochic booklets such as the Book of the Watchers and the Astronomical Book demonstrates that already in these early Enochic writings the seventh antediluvian patriarch appears to have a set of highly developed roles: a sage, a visionary, a diviner, and a scribe.
In my judgment, the Enmeduranki tradition provides sharp illustration of the fact that the celestial roles of this Mesopotamian hero served as a decisive pattern for the future heavenly roles of his Jewish counterpart, the patriarch Enoch,whose symbolical age of 365 years reflects the link between the patriarch and the solar cult of Shamash
Šamaš in E-babbara appointed Enmeduranki king of Sippar.
The beloved of Anu, Enli and Ea
Šamaš and Adad brought him in to their assembly
Šamaš and Adad honored him
Šamaš and Adad set him on a large throne of gold,they put in his hand the cedar-rod, beloved of the great gods.
Then he, in accordance with their word brought the men of Nippur, Sippar and Babylon into his presence, and he honored them.
He set them on thrones before him.
Another important detail of the tradition about the tablet that might point to the content of this esoteric knowledge is the juxtaposition of the term s«secrets»and«mysteries» with the phrases«heaven and underworld» or «heaven and earth». Kvanvig points out that both phrases possibly have cosmological meaning Intended to describe the totality of creation, this terminology can also be related to cosmogonic and creational concepts. The identification of the secrets with cosmological knowledge recalls Enoch, where the notion of secrets is applied solely to the mysteries of God’s creation
The dissemination of esoteric information will remain one of the major functions of the seventh patriarchs in the Merkabah tradition where he will be responsible for transmitting the highest secrets to the Princes under him, as well as to humankind
The text therefore makes explicit that one of the most important functions of the initiated Enmeduranki is transmission of the knowledge that he received from the deities to inhabitants of the terrestrial realm
The text shows that Enmeduranki’s mediation is multifaceted and executed not only through a set of oral and written communication, but also through the establishment of distinct social and religious structures. It is noteworthy that Enmeduranki’s instructions in the divinatory rituals to the people were preceded by the establishment of social settings that mirror the social structure of the divine assembly
originally posted by: Kantzveldt
originally posted by: Kantzveldt
The case is made that Enoch is derivative of the seventh Antediluvian Patriarch of Mesopotamia, namely Enmeduranki, with it's focus at the E-babbara Temple of Samas at the City of Sippar.
Even a brief look at early Enochic booklets such as the Book of the Watchers and the Astronomical Book demonstrates that already in these early Enochic writings the seventh antediluvian patriarch appears to have a set of highly developed roles: a sage, a visionary, a diviner, and a scribe.
In my judgment, the Enmeduranki tradition provides sharp illustration of the fact that the celestial roles of this Mesopotamian hero served as a decisive pattern for the future heavenly roles of his Jewish counterpart, the patriarch Enoch,whose symbolical age of 365 years reflects the link between the patriarch and the solar cult of Shamash
Cronus appeared to Xisuthrus in a dream and revealed that on the fifteenth of the month Daisios mankind would be destroyed by a great flood. He then ordered him to bury together all the tablets, the first, the middle, and the last, and hide them in Sippar, the city of the sun
After the waters of the Great Flood had come and quickly left, Xisuthrus freed several birds. They found neither food nor a place to rest, and they returned to the ship. After a few days, he again set free some other birds, and they too came back to the they ship, but they returned with claws covered with mud. Then later for a third time he set free some other birds, but they did not return to the ship. Then Xisuthrus knew that the earth had once again appeared.
The voice then instructed them to return to Babylonia to go to the city of Sippar, as it was fated for them to do, to dig up the tablets that were buried there and to turn them over to mankind
And those who had arrived in Babylonia dug up the tablets in the city of Sippar and brought them out. They built many cities and erected temples to the gods and again renewed Babylonia.
The Jewish tradition concerning Watchers was not uniform. There are variant stories that depict their motives and activities more positively. The Book of Jubilees preserves a tradition relating that God originally dispatched the Watchers to earth for the purpose of instructing humanity in proper ritual and ethical conduct. There is a fair amount of texts, according to which the Watchers were sent by God for the purpose of positively instructing and looking after humanity. For example, the Watchers are treated in Sibylline Oracles as human beings, the culture-bringers in its second generation. They are portrayed as wise and noble, and their innovations are judged positively as follows: “They practiced skills of all kinds, discovering inventions by their needs. One discovered how to till the earth with ploughs, another, carpentry, another was concerned with sailing, another, astronomy and divination by birds, another medicine, again another, magic
“When the genera-tion of the deluge arose and served idols, the Holy One blessed be He, was grieved.Immediately two angels arose, Shemhazai and Azael … They said (to the Lord of the Universe): “Give us leave, let us dwell with the creatures and Thou wilt see how we shal lsanctify Thy name.” He said “Descend and dwell with them.” At once they corruptedthemselves with the daughters of man who were beautiful, and were unable to subdue their desire. Immediately Shemhazai saw one girl, whose name was Istahar. He set hiseyes on her and said: “Grant my desire!” She replied: “I will not grant it until thou teachme the Shem Hammeforash, by means of which thou ascendest to heaven, at the moment thou pronouncest it.” He taught her that name, she pronounced it, ascended to heaven,without having sinned. The Holy One blessed be He, said: “Because she has kept herself far from sin, go ye and fix her among the seven stars in order that she may be mentioned among them for ever””