It looks like you're using an Ad Blocker.
Please white-list or disable AboveTopSecret.com in your ad-blocking tool.
Thank you.
Some features of ATS will be disabled while you continue to use an ad-blocker.
Originally posted by turbofan
reply to post by pteridine
Pteridine continuously falls back to the 'excess energy' excuse even though I've highlighted the fact that an aluminothermic reaction creates more than enough heat to produce iron spheres.
I've proven that a thermitic reaction occurred by showing that Iron Oxide has been reduced to elemental iron, and that aluminum has been oxidized. This is a classic product of a thermitic reaction regardless of how much extra energy, or heat was produced by combustion.
The fact is, an aluminothermic reaction such as Al/Fe203 can produce 1500'C by itself. The additional heat by combustion is irrelevent.
I've proven that the material is energetic by the exotherm produced at 430'C. The exotherm is sharp in slope, and narrow which indicates an explosive reaction, not combustion. I've provided links to support this fact using government lab results for known explosives and thermite.
Pteridine has never once provided a source for his claims. He never conceded to the errors he made with respect to the term "Thermitic" and that the spheres not need to be 100%. Debating this guy is pointless. He is asking me to calculate an amount of energy from material without providing the necessary details. He knows this is impossible, yet het continues to resort to this excuse as a method to appear in control of the argument.
He has failed to provide an example. He continues to explain the same thing over and over and over. We know that some combustion took place.
Jones admitted that combustion took place. We do not care how much heat was produced by combustion in air because we know by science that 2Al+Fe203 > Al203+2Fe can provide enough heat to form the iron spheres.
Further to this, we know that carbon is present in a matrix form which was used as a gas producing agent for pressure volume work. This is the difference between an incendiary and an explosive. We know through LLNL and LANL that their organic elements are used to produce large amount of gas for explosive caracteristics. "Pteridine" would have known this had he read and studied
the available documentation.
THIS IS THE LIKELY SOURCE FOR THE ADDITOINAL HEAT IN THE EXOTHERM. NOTE: IT IS NOT COMBUSTION, IT IS EXPLOSIVE IN NATURE.
The definition of explosive is: a violent release of energy caused by a chemical or nuclear reaction
Does the carbon require oxygen to react? Yes it does. Does carbon normally produce a sharp exotherm when igniting? No. When carbon burns normally, it produces a rather slow rising slope during the release of heat.
[atsimg]http://files.abovetopsecret.com/images/member/7ecdeaac76a6.jpg[/atsimg]
You will note that Carbon ignites around 300'C. This is about the same point in the Jones and Tillotson
graph for temperature of ignition.
Wow, what a thought huh?!
Can this extra heat within the narrow exotherm be the explosive, gas production by carbon? Yes. Using UFG (Ultra fine grain) particles you can enable the carbon to consume itself more rapidly. This allows for more heat to be released in a shorter period of time. It's a similar result as grinding wood into 'saw dust' and lighting it on fire. So the questions back to Pteridine:
1. Why does the carbon exist in the chip in this form? Certainly you don't believe it's paint, or formed by
an aircraft smashing into a building?
2. If a narrow exotherm such as the ones shown in the Jones and LLNL documentation indicate an explosive
reaction, do you agree the any elements burning in air must be in the UFG format in order to release all of
their energy in such a short duration of time (regarless of combustion, or chemical reaction)?
3. Do you agree that the spheres are not supposed to be 100% iron to prove a thermitic reaction
Originally posted by pteridine
I am happy to see that you now stand corrected regarding the erroneous figure you posted from LLNL. The labs are not infallible.
Excess energy is not an excuse, it is just another failing of Jones paper and another reason he is unable to claim thermite.
We are looking at total caloric output. A match is much hotter than 1000 gallons of room temperature water. Guess which has more heat. Your statement "The fact is, an aluminothermic reaction such as Al/Fe203 can produce 1500'C by itself. The additional heat by combustion is irrelevent." shows that you have temperature and heat hopelessly confused.
You confirm that you do not know the difference between temperature and heat and then you assume a thermite reaction to prove a thermite reaction. Jones' paper provides no evidence of any reaction other than combustion and no spheres of iron are shown.
Thermite is a pyrotechnic composition of a metal powder and a metal oxide, which produces an aluminothermic reaction known as a thermite reaction. Most varieties are not explosive, but can create short bursts of extremely high temperatures focused on a very small area for a short period of time.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermite_Reaction
A highly exothermic reaction between a metal and the oxide of another metal; for example, the reaction of molten or powdered magnesium with iron oxide to form magnesium oxide and molten iron. [Friedman 1989]
www.iprr.org/defs/DEFINSTU.html
Originally posted by pteridine
You then discuss a carbon matrix but also claim a finely divided carbon. Which is it?
The capillary pressure curves and pore size data indicate ultra fine grained matrix with 100% microporosity
and with average pore throat diameters in the
Originally posted by turbofan
He never claimed thermite. Get that out of your head. I already corrected you on the term "thermitic".
Thermitic does NOT mean thermite.
The products of elemental iron, and oxidized aluminium in spherical form however is the signature for an aluminothermic reaction. Please understand the difference. Jones proved an aluminothermic reaction, not thermite.
Got it after 6 pages?
Originally posted by -PLB-So why are you so upset when someone calls it a thermite reaction? Arn't you turning this into a game of semantics in order to avoid the hard questions?
As for you posting DSC traces of explosive reactions, I interpret your logic like this:
...
This kind of logic is severely flawed.
I have repeatedly showed that combustion can show similar shapes. It is interesting that you totally ignore that, as if it doesn't exist.
So you think that a slope that takes more than 2 minutes to rise to its maximal value is evidence of a fast reaction? And you think that complete combustion of a sample can not happen in a period of 2 minutes? Substantiate your claims. Show sources why this is so.
Originally posted by turbofan
REALLY?
PLEASE SHOW ME THOSE DSC GRAPHS AGAIN! I MUST HAVE MISSED THEM!
Originally posted by -PLB-Take a look at page 135 in the document I posted earlier
Originally posted by -PLB-
It is turbofans argument, not mine. He claims that the sharpness of the peak is proof of an thermitic or explosive reaction.
Note that this was the first document I found showing DSC's of combustion. I find it very strange you need to ask the link again, as it can be easily found on page 2 or using Google.
Anyway, do you agree that the sharp curve rises in a time frame of 3 minutes? If not, how much minutes do you agree to?
Originally posted by turbofan
Seriously, you need to stay out of this debate. For two reasons:
- It's not directed to you
- You're not able to grasp the concepts
WRONG!
I said, slope and width several times.
I also said there is a sharp drop in heat directly after the peak which meets the criteria for an explosive reaction.
Stop misquoting me.
I find it very strange that you are referring to a graph that I already redrew to scale to show your errors and
dimiss any sort of fantasy that your DSC curves bears a hint of resemblance to JOnes'.
I asked you to link it again because I thought you were talking about a reference on this page, not something
that was discussed and rejected pages ago!
Here it is again since you missed it the first time.
[atsimg]http://files.abovetopsecret.com/images/member/86df3d55ec26.jpg[/atsimg]
I don't agree to anything. There is NOTHING similar about that curve you provided. As NICON correctly states,
the time to max. peak alone is not the proper way to compare data.
Originally posted by -PLB-- You're not able to grasp the concepts
Or maybe you are unable to explain them properly.
The sharpness of the peak
The sharpness of the peak,in combination with the height, unavoidably also determined the width.
Sharp peaks = small width, soft peak = large width. Your argument has constantly been that the reaction rate is of importance.
I already pointed out that this graph is utterly wrong. The scale of the X axis of the curve you drew in (the blue one) is totally wrong. In the original the peak spans about 60 degrees, in your totally incorrectly edited graph it spans about 5 degrees. No wonder its width is much smaller. You are a complete order of magnitude wrong. Did you really fail tot notice this capital error, or are you doing this on purpose?
So if you do not agree with the 3 minutes rise time, what time do you agree to?
Originally posted by turbofan
You didn't know the difference between thermitic reaction, or a thermite reaction, nor how to use them
in context.
You used "Power over time" to explain your position...yet you didn't know Power includes a reference of time.
You tried to relate the peak of the DSC curve with the width of the exotherm (see below).
It's a constant correction and moving backward when you enter the debate. Please stay out of it, you're
not helping.
If you're here to learn and ask questions, that's fine but don't act as if you have discovered something unique
to bring to the table. Several posts have gone by since Pteridine has responded and I'm SURE we will have to
repost our part of the debate for effect.
The sharpness of the peak
The peak is the maximum heat flow achieved. It is not 'sharp' with respect to the analysis.
Sharp would be related to the slope. IE: The change in heat over time.
The sharpness of the peak,in combination with the height, unavoidably also determined the width.
Wrong again. The angle of the slope along with the onset of ignition to the peak of the curve...back down
to the reference ambient temperature (after heat of reaction has been removed) determine the width.
The peak has absolutely NOTHING to do with the width of the exotherm!
Sharp peaks = small width, soft peak = large width. Your argument has constantly been that the reaction rate is of importance.
See above. Not peak, but rather onset of ignition back to reference ambient temperature. That's how a DSC
displays the trace!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Ha, that's quite funny. YOu know your X-axis is Kelvin right?
You know that Jone's curve ends at 460'C
You know that 460'C = 733.25 K, correct?
YOu know that each increment marker on your X-axis is 50 degrees right?
Well then... if YOU KNOW all of that, HOW is my drawing wrong?
My blue superimposed trace ends before 750 K and starts ~ 720 K
Jones graph starts the exotherm at 430'C and ends the exotherm at 460'C
PLEASE redraw it correclty!
It's clearly at least 5 minutes if I'm being generous and starting at the second phase change.
After the peak, there is a long gradual, decay in heat.
Once again, nothing like an explosive reaction.
edit on 19-12-2010 by turbofan because: (no reason given)edit on 19-12-2010 by turbofan because: (no reason given)