It looks like you're using an Ad Blocker.

Please white-list or disable AboveTopSecret.com in your ad-blocking tool.

Thank you.

 

Some features of ATS will be disabled while you continue to use an ad-blocker.

 

Japan declares 'nuclear emergency' after quake - PART 2

page: 51
115
<< 48  49  50    52  53  54 >>

log in

join
share:

posted on Dec, 6 2013 @ 06:37 AM
link   
reply to post by Human0815
 


Human0815, Would you be able to help get a translation for this information? Tepco report

It is follow up data to this article, diary


The highest reading of all β nuclides detected in seaside of reactor2 / 1,100,000,000 Bq/m3 Posted by Mochizuki on November 30th, 2013

diary


All β density in seaside of reactor2 is in the increasing trend again / 1,300,000,000 Bq/m3 Posted by Mochizuki on December 5th, 2013




4 days after the previous highest reading was detected, higher density of all β nuclides (including Strontium-90) was detected in the same location. The reading was 1,300,000,000 Bq/m3 (↑ 18%). The sampling date was 12/2/2013. In the press conference of 12/4/2013, Tepco stated it’s from the past leakage of contaminated water. There is no additional leakage on-going underground.

If not able to translate could you direct me in the right direction to do it myself? Thanks
edit on 6-12-2013 by donlashway because: add links

edit on 6-12-2013 by donlashway because: (no reason given)

This is the mess google did, google translate
edit on 6-12-2013 by donlashway because: (no reason given)



posted on Dec, 6 2013 @ 10:39 PM
link   
Leaky Water Tanks from illegally hired workers...

From Reuters, December 5
www.reuters.com...


Insight - Fukushima water tanks: leaky and built with illegal labor
(Reuters) - Storage tanks at the Fukushima nuclear plant like one that spilled almost 80,000 gallons of radioactive water this year were built in part by workers illegally hired in one of the poorest corners of Japan, say labor regulators and some of those involved in the work...

The Okinawa crew was recruited by Token Kogyo, an unregistered broker, and passed on to work at the Fukushima plant under the direction of Tec, a larger contractor which reported to construction firm Taisei Corp, records show. That practice of having workers hired by a broker but managed by another contractor is banned under Japanese law to protect workers from having their wages skimmed and to clarify who is responsible for their safety...

Tepco has promised to improve working conditions in an unprecedented nuclear decommissioning project expected to take more than 30 years. [ID:nL4N0J31FR] The company said last month it would more carefully monitor sub-contractors and double the pay for thousands of workers after a Reuters report found widespread abuses, including falsified employment records, skimmed wages and a lack of worker contracts...

Yosuke Minaguchi, a lawyer who has represented Fukushima workers, said problems in enforcing labor standards in the nuclear clean-up could threaten its completion. Weeks later, radiation at the ground near one of the tanks spiked to a level so high that it would have caused radiation sickness within an hour if a worker had been directly exposed. That spike, after an apparent leak of radioactive water, occurred in the same area where Uechi and the Okinawa crew had been working - an open space known as H3 on an elevated plain above Fukushima's four wrecked reactors...

In one example, Uechi said workers were rushed to apply caulking to seal the tanks even when it was raining and snowing. "It didn't make any sense, because the caulking wouldn't get to the metal. It would float out," Uechi said. Tepco said it could not confirm details reported by Uechi, but said workers should not have been working on sealing the tanks in the rain because it could have made the sealant in the tanks more prone to fail...




It's officially illegal to impose one's opinions on others in Japan now - translated as "it's illegal to have an opinion about TPTB"...

From enews.com...


Japan enacts state secrets law late Friday night amid revolt — “It criminalizes investigative journalism” — Terrorism defined as “imposing one’s opinions on others”

Japan Times, Dec. 6, 2013: Following political turmoil that rocked the Diet over the past week, ruling block Upper House members finally enacted the contentious state secrets bill late Friday night. Earlier in the day, opposition parties intensified their protests in vain over a law that’s being criticizing for not creating an independent oversight body capable of preventing the government from hiding inconvenient information at its discretion...

GlobalPost, Dec. 6, 2013: Here are four disturbing ways the bill could be a democracy muzzler. It defines terrorism as imposing one’s opinions on others [...] According to Article 12, terrorism is partially defined as an activity that forces “political and other principles or opinions on the state or other people.” In other words, throw up a rowdy anti-government protest, and the judiciary can find a reason to lock you away. It criminalizes investigative journalism [...] Journalists can be prosecuted for “improperly accessing” classified documents or “conspiring” to leak them. Even asking an official to take a look at classified documents could constitute “conspiracy,” leading to up to five years in prison. “Instigating” the release of government secrets, meanwhile, carries up to 10 years in the dock. [...] Basically, anything can be a secret [...] administrators can make the opaque decisions to classify a document even if their work hardly relates to national security. That effectively allows them to hide any embarrassing piece of evidence, and then pursue the journalists and bloggers who make it public...



enenews.com... as-imposing-ones-opinions-on-others-protesto

Yea, way to go Japan! Are there ANY countries on this planet that aren't totally corrupted and evil? (serious question... anyone know of any left?) I have to presume this entire 'act' is to prevent information about Fukushima and all the corruptions, figuratively and literally... Another score for the bad guys!


edit on 6-12-2013 by wishes because: (no reason given)



posted on Dec, 6 2013 @ 11:26 PM
link   
This is a very lengthy, in depth and well written synopsis on Fukushima and the radiation from Dr. Mae-Wan Ho and the Institute of Science In Society -

www.i-sis.org.uk...

ISIS Report 05/06/12 Truth about Fukushima The release of radioactivity from Fukushima is at least as great as from Chernobyl, and a humanitarian disaster on the scale of Chernobyl needs to be averted by acknowledging the truth and taking responsibility for mitigating measures Dr. Mae-Wan Ho

It is important to note that all the exposure limits and projected exposure mentioned so far are for external sources. As the French expert body, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) pointed out, they take no account of “exposure from other pathways such as immersion within the plume and inhalation of particles in the plume during the accident nor the doses already received or to be received from ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs. The total effective doses to be received (external + internal) could be much higher according to the type of deposit (dry or wet), diet and source of food.”

In addition, as Director of the Medical Institute of Environment at Gifu in Japan Matsui Eisuke pointed out , the government and its professional advisors in measuring exposure have relied mainly on g-rays that are easy to detect. But, in terms of internal radiation exposure, b and a- particles have a far more serious effect. “The government and TEPCO hardly measure such isotopes as b-emitting strontium-90 or a-emitting plutonium-239.”

Exposure due to ingested or inhaled radionuclide is a major problem in radioactive fallout, particularly when prompt evacuation, radioactive monitoring, and remediation have all failed to be carried out, as was the case for both Chernobyl and Fukushima.

IRSN’s assessment of projected doses based on the Japanese map released (see Figure 1), estimated that some 70 000 people including 9 500 children are living in the most contaminated areas outside the initial 20 km evacuation zone projected to receive further doses up to 200 mSv or more. This clearly calls for further evacuation beyond the initial 20 km zone. Under Japanese Food Sanitation Law, 5 000 Bq/kg of radioactive Cs is considered the safe limit in soil. Consequently, large areas of Japan may no longer be suitable for agriculture.

Figure 1 Map of caesium 137 + 134 deposits (Figure 7) superimposed on the map of projected doses for the 1st year (Figure 4) for 3 dose levels only (5, 10 and 20 mSv)

In March 2012, the Japanese government announced a new standard limit for radionuclides in foods to 1 mSv/y, reducing from a previous provisional limit of 5 mSv/y. This translates into a maximum of 100 Bq/kg for regular food items such as meat, vegetables and fish (revised down from 500 Bq just after the Fukushima meltdown), 50 Bq/l for milk and infant food and 10 Bq for drinking water (revised down from 200) [18]. As shown above, this still means an accumulation of internal exposure up to 1 million Bq a year, depending on how fast the radionuclides are cleared from the body. We already know that much lower levels have proven deadly for the children of Belarus (see [19] Apple Pectin for Radioprotection, SiS 55).

According to the German Society for Radiation Protection, a person is normally exposed to about 0.3 mSv per year through ingestion of food and drink; and this should be considered the permissible level of ingested radioactivity. In order not to go beyond this level, the amount of radioactive caesium-137 should not exceed 8 Bq/kg in milk and baby formula and 16 Bq/kg in all other foodstuff. Radioactive iodine with its short half-life should not be permitted in food at all.

A study led by the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) found about 16 700 PBq of xenon-133 (250% of the amount released at Chernobyl) emitted by the Fukushima power plant between 12 and 19 March 2011, the largest release of radioactive Xenon in history. In addition, 35.8 PBq of caesium-137 (42% of the amount released at Chernobyl) was emitted in the same period. The study found that radioactive emissions were first measured right after the earthquake and before the tsunami struck the plant, indicating that the quake itself had already caused substantial damage to the reactors. The NILU report also suggests that the fire in the spent fuel pond of reactor 4 may have been the major contributor to airborne emissions, as emissions decreased significantly after the fire had been brought under control.

The same team of researchers updated their estimates in a paper published online giving estimates of 15 300 PBq of Xenon-133 and 36.6 PBq Cs-137 released into the atmosphere, not counting iodine-131 or Cs-134 (which was as much as Cs-137), nor releases into the ocean. But already, this is nearly 15 times the latest TEPCO estimate for total releases. I shall report separately in detail on this latest independent estimate, which gives a global picture of contamination from the fallout (see [26] Fukushima Fallout Rivals Chernobyl, SiS 55).

I-131 is one of the most acute causes of cancer in children after a nuclear meltdown. Uptake of radioactive iodine can be prevented by a timely supply of iodine tablets. While such iodine tablets were supplied to the municipalities and evacuation centres during the first few days of the disaster, the order to distribute them was never issued, and hence, with very few exceptions, no iodine tablets were taken by people exposed to radioactive iodine. The may lead to a large number of cases of thyroid cancer, as in the case of Chernobyl. And the signs are ominous.

At the end of March 2011, a group of researchers around Hiroshima professor Satoshi Tashiro tested 1 149 children aged 0 to 15 from Iwaki city Kawamata town and Iitate village. Some 44.5 % showed radioactive contamination of up to 35 mSv in their thyroid gland. In October 2011, the University of Fukushima began with thyroid-examinations on 360 000 children living in the regions affected by radioactive contamination. Matsui Eisuke reported some of the results so far [16]. Between October 2011 and 31 March 2012, 38 114 children 1-18 y in Fukushima prefecture were examined by ultrasonography of the thyroid gland. Cysts were found in more than 35 % of the children. In comparison, in Nagaski where 250 children 7-14 y had been examined since 2000, only 2 (0.8 %) had cysts in their thyroid gland.

The government still refuses to evacuate people from the highly contaminated regions. The city of Fukushima organized a planning meeting in the Ônami district that had been recommended for evacuation, and the opening words were:“Evacuation reduces economic activity, so we would opt for decontamination,” in other words, “We won’t let you leave.” The city has designated zones measuring >2 mSv/h for decontamination, and wanted volunteers; but when asked about their decontamination plans, said they have none. In February 2012, an estimated 62 000 people left Fukushima prefecture to seek refuge elsewhere.

In June 2011, pupils from 14 primary and secondary schools from the town of Kôriyama formally demanded that the local authority respect their right to be evacuated and to continue their education in a less contaminated area. But six months later, the demand has been refused.


fukushima-evacuation-e.blogspot.co.uk...

Thoughts anyone?



posted on Dec, 6 2013 @ 11:39 PM
link   


see the guy in the Hazmat Suit?,,

suit is white,,



files.abovetopsecret.com...


,,

so how is the Fuel Rod Removal going??

This is Day,,,,,14???

Anything yet?
edit on 12/6/2013 by BobAthome because: clue,,he's ontop off Building #4 i believe. Fuel Pool Roof.



posted on Dec, 7 2013 @ 12:33 AM
link   

BobAthome


see the guy in the Hazmat Suit?,,

suit is white,,



files.abovetopsecret.com...


,,

so how is the Fuel Rod Removal going??


This is Day,,,,,14???

Anything yet?
edit on 12/6/2013 by BobAthome because: clue,,he's ontop off Building #4 i believe. Fuel Pool Roof.



Hmmm.... doesn't look very productive, does it...? I read something about steam coming up (from possible cracks) and evacuating? But honestly, I've been reading so many things about Fukushima for past couple days I can't recall if the steam is old information or recent... Buy hey - no worries - they got all the time in the world and can work under complete secrecy and hire unskilled workers to rip off and make up any numbers they want whenever they want. What a perfect world they're 'enforcing' on us... yeah... I've earned my cynicism, has been a long haul...



posted on Dec, 7 2013 @ 12:48 AM
link   
reply to post by wishes
 





files.abovetopsecret.com...


yes it has.

Bob Dylan should do a song...


"Will Fukushima, blow before Christmas Daddy?"

u know a real ,,,yeahh,,who knows.



ohh looks like they are building braces/supports?,,on roof?,,
probably, "tie in a Skyhook",, too take weight.??

just a guess.

either that or shock absorbers,,


must be smooth like "British Rolls Royce",,,no vibes,,


when a Rolls Royce moves,, u only here the clock,,,



were now Digital.


lol best Commercial ever.



posted on Dec, 7 2013 @ 01:24 AM
link   
reply to post by BobAthome
 


Good eyes for finding that one little guy on the roof!

Shock absorbers! What a phenomenal idea! Why didn't the Japanese think of doing that because they get so many earthquakes?!?!? Oh wait... they did think of doing that... for buildings... but they forgot to add shock absorbers to nuclear power plants in earthquake proned zones to the list of 'good ideas' - just in case... just like they forgot the build a 'tall enough' seawall around nuclear power plants in tsunami proned zones too... but I bet they didn't forget to collect their fat paychecks and kickbacks!!! Good thing that nuclear power is CLEAN and SAFE in case ANYTHING like this ever happened! Yep, yep, yep. Breathe deep - oh wait - that's not safe either...

How do they ever sleep well with all this death and destruction they've caused for decades now. I remember when they blew the first atomic bomb - and then the second, and third, and fourth..... and I thought why on earth do they need more than one to know what kind of damage it does?!? They've done hundreds? (thousands?) of 'test' bombs? Insanity at its finest...



posted on Dec, 7 2013 @ 01:29 AM
link   
reply to post by wishes
 


because were human,,its in us too create and destroy,, we dont choose so well sometimes.



posted on Dec, 7 2013 @ 06:11 AM
link   
25 Sieverts....Death in 20 Minutes

Go to link to see pic and video....

www3.nhk.or.jp...


Highest radiation levels measured outside reactor

Tokyo Electric Power Company says radiation levels are extremely high in an area near a ventilation pipe at the crippled Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant.

TEPCO found radiation of 25 sieverts an hour on a duct, which connects reactor buildings and the 120-meter-tall ventilation pipe.

The estimated radiation level is the highest ever detected outside reactor buildings. People exposed to this level of radiation would die within 20 minutes.

The exhaust pipe in question was used to release radioactive gases following the outbreak of the accident 2 years ago.

TEPCO says radioactive substances could remain inside the pipes.
Dec. 6, 2013 - Updated 21:13 UTC


- Purple Chive



posted on Dec, 7 2013 @ 10:00 AM
link   
reply to post by Purplechive
 


HOLY GUACAMOLE


I wonder what the Fukushima apologists will make of this. As if the site isn't contaminated enough; I remember seeing something about one or more of the tall vent pipes being in danger of collapsing due to radiation weakened support struts. This was months ago and the radiation was already too high for workers to work on the weakened struts, even in radiation suits.

If there is as much radioactive material in those vent ducts and stacks as it seems from the story, just how much worse would it contaminate the air and ground around the crippled plant if any of them collapsed and spewed their radiation load on the world.



posted on Dec, 7 2013 @ 10:31 AM
link   

BobAthome
reply to post by wishes
 


because were human,,its in us too create and destroy,, we dont choose so well sometimes.


Yes it is in us to create or destroy - but "we" did not come up with nuclear energy - "they" did and imposed it on "us" with lies and bs about its efficiency and safeness and oh how bad coal is, etc. There are safe sources of power - sun, wind, water and Tesla's that can run everything on energy that has zero negative health effects and is CHEAP. But it was quashed, of course. I think it was something to do with DC current, can't recall specifics.

There are absolutely safe alternatives that if given a choice PEOPLE WOULD want - but we, the people are not given choices. They (they barely able to call them human at the top of the pyramid) like us to believe WE are the reason for all the pollution when IT IS NOT! "They" put all the additives in the gas that go into the atmosphere and "we" have no clue what's in it. "They" put nuclear reactors poorly built all over the world telling "us" they're totally safe and cheap when the opposite is true. They KNOW how to build things safely - just look at all their underground vaults and systems! They just don't want OUR stuff built safely because they don't care, they're protected from it, we're not.

I don't consider those arrogant psychopaths at the top of the chain as human - I don't believe they even have a soul - they blame us for everything and we've done NOTHING to do this, THEY have - THEY just WANT us to think it's OUR fault and OUR responsibility to PAY for damages. Is a BRILLIANT SCAM on their end - absolutely brilliant... and a real shame....



posted on Dec, 7 2013 @ 10:46 AM
link   

happykat39
reply to post by Purplechive
 


HOLY GUACAMOLE


I wonder what the Fukushima apologists will make of this. As if the site isn't contaminated enough; I remember seeing something about one or more of the tall vent pipes being in danger of collapsing due to radiation weakened support struts. This was months ago and the radiation was already too high for workers to work on the weakened struts, even in radiation suits.

If there is as much radioactive material in those vent ducts and stacks as it seems from the story, just how much worse would it contaminate the air and ground around the crippled plant if any of them collapsed and spewed their radiation load on the world.


The apologists will say:

"It means nothing, is just steam/smoke/fog/broken monitors/erroneous readings or 'x' (insert new excuse here). That it happens all the time and we know what to do. That it will all DILUTE. That we're overreacting, we're fear mongering, it's all under control, no evidence of any danger and that bananas are the real radiation danger don't you know! Repeat as necessary."

It's in their scripts.

Unfortunately every map I've looked at shows the majority of radiation beyond the immediate area traveling across the wind and water to North America and swirling around in the Pacific. It looks like from maps that south and west Japan are totally fine, but we over here are not!


What do others think those extremely high readings indicate? An explosion waiting to happen as the poolium hits underground water? Thanks PC for keeping such great eyes on them/it.



posted on Dec, 7 2013 @ 08:33 PM
link   
The Fukushima Nightmare Gets Worse
Saturday, 10 August 2013, 1:43 pm
Article: Harvey Wasserman

www.scoop.co.nz...


>> Until now, the utility and regulatory authorities have assured an anxious planet that the contaminants in the water have been primarily tritium. Tritium is a relatively simple isotope with an 8-day half-life. Its health effects can be substantial, but its short half-life has been used to proliferate the illusion that it's not much to worry about. >> >>

Reports now indicate the outflow at Fukushima also includes substantial quantities of radioactive iodine, cesium, and strontium. That, in turn, indicates there is probably more we haven’t yet heard about. >> >>

This is very bad news. >> >> Iodine-131, for example, can be ingested into the thyroid, where it emits beta particles (electrons) that damage tissue. A plague of damaged thyroids has already been reported among as many as 40 percent of the children in the Fukushima area. That percentage can only go higher. In developing youngsters, it can stunt both physical and mental growth. Among adults it causes a very wide range of ancillary ailments, including cancer. >> >> Cesium-137 from Fukushima has been found in fish caught as far away as California. It spreads throughout the body, but tends to accumulate in the muscles. >> >> Strontium-90’s half-life is around 29 years. It mimics calcium and goes to our bones. >> >>

That these are among the isotopes being dumped into the Pacific is the worst news to come from Japan since Hiroshima and Nagasaki, whose bombings occurred 68 years ago this week, and whose fallout has been vastly exceeded at Fukushima. >> >> Indeed, Japanese experts have already estimated Fukushima's fallout at 20-30 times as high as the 1945 bombings. >> >> This latest revelation will send that number soaring. >> >>

The dominant reality is this: There is absolutely no indication how or when this lethal outflow will stop. >> >> Thus far, Tepco has built scores of tanks on the site to contain whatever contaminated water it can capture. But the company is by no means getting all of it, and it is running out of space. >> >> Some of the tanks, of course, have already sprung leaks.



posted on Dec, 7 2013 @ 11:38 PM
link   
Strong quake hits off Japan near Fukushima

By Antoni Slodkowski

TOKYO Fri Dec 7, 2012 2:20pm EST



(Reuters) - A strong quake centered off northeastern Japan shook buildings as far away as Tokyo on Friday and triggered a one-meter tsunami in an area devastated by last year's Fukushima disaster, but there were no reports of deaths or serious damage. The quake had a preliminary magnitude of 7.3, the U.S. Geological Survey said, and thousands of coastal residents were ordered to evacuate to higher ground, but the tsunami warning was lifted two hours after the tremor struck.


www.reuters.com...



posted on Dec, 8 2013 @ 12:10 AM
link   
[Impervious wall broken ?] Groundwater level near the plant building in sync with ebb and flow of the sea
fukushima-diary.com... November 2013

The groundwater level “inside” of the impervious wall is in the sync with ebb and flow of the sea. In order to shut out the contaminated groundwater from the sea, Tepco built the impervious wall on the coastal line on the seaside of reactor2 building. From Tepco’s own data however, the groundwater level rises and falls as the tide level changes. The trend has become clear since mid-October. It can prove the impervious wall has already started been deteriorated or broken somehow, and seawater and contaminated groundwater are being exchanged again. In the press conference of 11/11/2013, Tepco’s spokesman stated they don’t know the reason.


Follow-up to above article: Groundwater level of more area starting to be in sync with ebb and flow of the sea
fukushima-diary.com... December 7,2013

fukushima-diary.com...


The groundwater level is found in sync in another place. The location is the seaside of between reactor3 and 4. The underground wall to isolate the area from sea is completed almost 36%. The connection between the ebb and flow of the sea and the groundwater level were not seen through this November, but it’s started being clear since 12/3/2013. There was no significant volume of rainfall before then. There is a possibility that the groundwater is being directly connected to the sea.



More excerpts from Risk Expert: ``High risk`` of nuclear holocaust at Fukushima (from November Interview)


Interview with Dr. Charles Perrow, professor emeritus at Yale University and author of the award-winning book Normal Accidents: Living With High Risk Technologies, Nov. 11, 2013:
www.mathaba.net...


At 46:30 in It is still emitting radioactive materials [to the atmosphere] […] not in a gigantic form, but it’s going to keep emitting that for a thousand years or so. I think the only thing they can do with it is cover it over with cement like they did at Chernboyl. At 54:15 in Q: Are we literally on the verge of seeing Japan ceasing to exist as a nation — Is it this serious? A: If we have a serious accident […] or a serious earthquake, yes. The chances are we will get through it. I don’t think that it’s guaranteed that there’s going to be a nuclear holocaust from these events — but there is a high risk.



posted on Dec, 8 2013 @ 02:08 AM
link   
Radioactive Reality (04 December 2013) "Dump ALL Fukushima's Radioactive Water in Pacific"
Day 999 update on Fukushima News...
Is a decent synopsis of major headlines.... I don't see ANY way this is going to get ONE IOTA better...

www.youtube.com...


Published on Dec 5, 2013

--World View Denis Campbell, Editor-In-Chief of UK Progressive Magazine, joins David to discuss the Fukushima nuclear disaster and radiation reaching the US

This thing is no way under control... the Japanese has done everything to suppress the information...


www.youtube.com...



posted on Dec, 8 2013 @ 07:22 AM
link   
Increase Air Borne Rad Particles: Unit 1-4 Seaside

Scroll down to last graph....

www.tepco.co.jp...

- Purple Chive



posted on Dec, 8 2013 @ 08:20 AM
link   

Purplechive
Increase Air Borne Rad Particles: Unit 1-4 Seaside

Scroll down to last graph....

www.tepco.co.jp...

- Purple Chive


Hi PC - So according to this data from Tepco, the only places they're reading ANYTHING is Unit 3-4 west slope (about 5.75 I.OE on August 30 2013) - the second to last graph and Units 1-4 "Seaside"!!! that show a rise from November 15 to November 29... What I'm confused about is one) what the I.OE stands for and two) why are the I.OE numbers going from 08 at the bottom to 02 at the graph rather than the reversed of 02 and the bottom and 08 at the top? Do you (or anyone) understand these? Thank you.



posted on Dec, 8 2013 @ 12:44 PM
link   
reply to post by wishes
 


Those 1.0E-2 to 1.0E-8 scale are scientific notation used to designate decimal places, the larger the -#, the more decimal places, thus the smaller the number.

Thus:

1.0E-2 = .01

while

1.0E-8 = .00000001



posted on Dec, 8 2013 @ 09:36 PM
link   

jadedANDcynical
reply to post by wishes
 


Those 1.0E-2 to 1.0E-8 scale are scientific notation used to designate decimal places, the larger the -#, the more decimal places, thus the smaller the number.

Thus:

1.0E-2 = .01

while

1.0E-8 = .00000001



Ah, thanks so much for explaining that - it makes more sense now and easier to understand.




top topics



 
115
<< 48  49  50    52  53  54 >>

log in

join