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Originally posted by amantine
A magnetic field can only affect charged particles. The definition for the magnetic part of Lorentz force is q*v x B, where q is the charge, v the speed of the particle, x the outer vector product and B the magnetic field vector. Because the cosmic particles and the particles of the solar wind are usually charged, the earth's magnetic field diverts them.
Hyperphysics: Magnetic Field
Originally posted by amantine
Maybe you could provide some information about that navy project?
Especially when considering mass of missiles compared to charged particles.
Originally posted by amantine
A magnetic field can also divert a charged projectile. It can get charged easily by air friction and the launch, but these charges are very small and a huge magnetic field would be needed.
The real situation is far more complicated, as life, in general, is messier than an oversimplified movie review. The Earth's core isn't just spinning; there are currents inside it, and other factors which influence the Earth's magnetic field. If the writers had been clever, instead of saying the Earth's core had stopped, they could have said that the currents of molten and ionized iron inside the core had become chaotic. It takes a relatively stable flow to make a magnetic field, so the chaotic motion could collapse the Earth's magnetic field.
Not only is this plausible, it appears to be true: the magnetic field of the Earth is not constant. In fact, for reasons still not well-understood, the magnetic polarity of the field sometimes reverses, with the north magnetic pole becoming the south, and vice-versa. This happens every few hundreds of thousands of years (and note that the Earth's surface doesn't boil when the field drops to zero during a reversal!).