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Marketing campaign
The film's trailer states that the story is based on "actual case studies", but did not specify any cases. As a result, much speculation has arisen regarding the search for documented evidence from the actual cases and whether Dr. Abigail Tyler is a real person or a fictional character for use in an internet viral marketing campaign.[3]
On September 2, 2009, an investigation by Izaak "Lord Norman" and the Detroit Daily News examined the validity of the film's premise, and its relation to actual disappearances that have occurred in and around the town of Nome. The investigation found no specific events to back up the claims in the film and also revealed that unsolved deaths in Nome are no more a majority of disappearances (just as in other remote areas).
On November 12, 2009 Universal Pictures agreed to a $20,000 settlement with the Alaska Press Club "to settle complaints about fake news archives used to promote the movie." Universal acknowledged that they created fake online news articles and obituaries to make it appear that the movie had a basis in real events.
On November 13, 2009 WorstPreviews.com reported "Universal Pictures has just reached out to us to let us know that the studio was not sued and the money was just a contribution Universal made to the Alaska Press Club. The contribution was not a result of any lawsuit."
Basis in reality
Although the film's events are grandly fictional, its claims about Nome's missing persons history and frequent visits by the FBI are not; since the 1960s, many visitors to the town have reportedly vanished, some whose disappearances were never solved. Ten people have gone missing in the town since 1990. The movie is based on the theory that the missing-persons cases were actually alien abductions. Wiki