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The 1953 Iranian coup d'état deposed the elected government of Prime Minister Mohammed Mosaddeq and his cabinet, it was effected by SIS and CIA spies working with anti-Communist civilians and army officers. This coup d'état, Operation Ajax required CIA man Kermit Roosevelt, Jr.'s bribing government officials, the news media, and businessmen, to allow imposing retired Gen. Fazlollah Zahedi and Imperial Guard Col. Nematollah Nassiri as the government.
This deposition of an elected civil government was "a critical event in post-war world history", because it re-installed the very unpopular Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, leading a pro-Western dictatorship, that, in the event, contributed to his deposition by the anti-Western Islamic Republic in 1979.