posted on Apr, 21 2023 @ 05:24 PM
Jeremiah was now among the Jews who had exiled themselves to Egypt. His diatribe against idolatry in the first half of ch44 had offended the womenfolk
of the communities. It was part of the culture of the region that the women tended to have their own preferences. We know how Solomon felt obliged to
indulge his wives in that respect. Ezekiel’s vision of idolatrous Jerusalem has women weeping for Tammuz (Ezekiel ch8 v 14). The evil king in Daniel
rejects both kinds of deity, the gods of his fathers and the one beloved by women (Daniel ch11 v37).
The women at this time favoured in particular the “queen of heaven” (Ashtoreth). Jeremiah had complained about this already; “The children
gather wood, the fathers kindle fire, and the women knead dough to make cakes for the queen of heaven” (ch7 v18). From v15, the wives and their
obedient husbands assemble at Pathros to answer him. They protest and admit that they have always been giving incense and libations to the queen of
heaven, “we and our fathers, our kings and our princes, in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem”. They had done so with the
approval of their husbands. Things had gone well in the land as long as they kept that up. Only when they stopped (v18) did the people begin to suffer
from famine and the sword.
I assume that “since we left off” refers to the reforms of Josiah, when he abolished all the public idolatry that he could find. And it is true
that Josiah’s reign ended in the disaster of Megiddo and things had been going downhill ever since. I imagine that this line of argument was being
used from Megiddo onwards. The massive flaw in the argument is that they never did “leave off” the worship of the queen of heaven. They probably
continued in private as along as necessary, but the public festivals and the royal indulgence obviously resumed once Josiah was gone. Their troubles
had come upon them because they continued worshipping the queen of heaven, not because they left off.
That is what Jeremiah tells them in his reply; “It is because you burned incense and because you sinned against the Lord and did not obey the voice
of the Lord or walk in his laws and in his statutes and in his testimonies, that this evil has befallen you, as at this day” (v23).
Because they have declared that they intend to continue this worship, the Lord washes his hands of them. “My name shall no more be invoked by any
man of Judah in all the land of Egypt”. He is watching over them for evil and not for good. All of them shall be consumed by the sword and famine.
Those who manage to return from Egypt to Judah will be few in number. For that matter, Pharaoh Hophra himself, in whom they are trusting will fall
into the hands of his enemies just like Zedekiah.
Hophra was overthrown by Amasis twenty years later. In later centuries there was, of course, a substantial Jewish community in Egypt, but they may not
have been descendants of these first exiles. It’s possible that the syncretism of this party was drawing them into being absorbed by the local
culture, which is probably what happened to the exiled “ten tribes” of Israel.