Ecclesiastes 3:1-8:
There is an appointed time for everything,
A time for every activity under the heavens:
A time for birth and a time to die;
A time to plant and a time to uproot what was planted;
A time to kill and a time to heal;
A time to tear down and a time to build up;
A time to weep and a time to laugh;
A time to wail and a time to dance;
A time to throw stones away and a time to gather stones together;
A time to embrace and a time to refrain from embracing;
A time to search and a time to give up as lost;
A time to keep and a time to throw away;
A time to rip apart and a time to sew together;
A time to be silent and a time to speak;
A time to love and a time to hate;
A time for war and a time for peace.
Is there a time to judge?
“Stop judging that you may not be judged,” said Jesus Christ to a crowd of listeners. (Matt. 7:1) Did he mean thereby to rule out judgments of all
kinds? Or, are there times when it is altogether proper to pass judgment without coming under adverse judgment from God?
The Bible definitely indicates that within the congregation of God’s devoted people situations arise that require passing judgment. For example,
elders may be called upon to judge fellow believers who become involved in serious wrongdoing. (1 Cor. 6:1-6) They must determine whether such
wrongdoers are truly repentant and desirous of living in harmony with Bible principles. In the case of unrepentant ones, elders must follow through on
the Scriptural command: “Remove the wicked man from among yourselves.”—1 Cor. 5:13.
It may be noted, however, that, in judging a person as an unrepentant wrongdoer, elders are acting in harmony with a judgment already set forth in
God’s Word. They are not making a personal judgment based on their own opinions. To do so would be dangerous, opening up the way for personal
prejudices to influence their decisions.
In some cases individual Christians must determine whether certain persons in the congregation are good companions for themselves or their children.
(1 Cor. 15:33) When doing this, they should make sure that they are guided by a judgment already expressed in the Bible and are not selfishly
motivated. No Christian, not even an elder, is authorized to pass judgment according to his personal standard.
The apostle Paul, in his letter to the congregation at Thessalonica, discussed this matter of handling situations involving persons manifesting a
wrong spirit. Some in the congregation there were lazy; they took advantage of the hospitality of their Christian brothers and meddled in things that
did not concern them. (2 Thess. 3:11, 12) As to the attitude of the individual members of the congregation toward a person who continued in such a
course, Paul wrote: “Keep this one marked, stop associating with him, that he may become ashamed. And yet do not be considering him as an enemy, but
continue admonishing him as a brother.”—2 Thess. 3:14, 15.
For an individual to mark someone as a person with whom he should not associate in a social way definitely requires assessing or judging him. But such
assessment manifests good judgment, since it is motivated by a desire to help the individual to change his ways. At the same time it protects the ones
who stop associating with him from coming under wrong influence.
Parents especially have to give consideration to this when helping their children to appreciate that even in the congregation there may be some who,
because of being strongly influenced by the world in attitude, speech and actions, are not good associates.
However, when a Christian judges according to his own standards, he is actually making an unauthorized assessment of an individual’s worth as a
person. By taking it upon himself to judge by his own standards, he is placing himself in a serious position before God. The disciple James pointed
this out, saying: “He who speaks against a brother or judges his brother speaks against law and judges law. Now if you judge law, you are, not a
doer of law, but a judge. One there is that is lawgiver and judge, he who is able to save and to destroy. But you, who are you to be judging your
neighbor?”—Jas. 4:11, 12.
James could rightly use such strong language, because Christians are commanded to love their brothers. (Jas. 2:8; 1 John 3:14-17) Now, would it be
loving for them to speak against their brothers, to judge their actions, motives and manner of living by a standard other than that found in the
Bible? Certainly not. Rather, persons thus judging would be setting themselves up as being above the law of love that God gives. (Matt. 22:36-40; Rom.
13:8-10) They would be ‘judging that law’ as not applying to them.
What can cause a person to become involved in wrongly judging his brothers? He may impose his conscience on them in strictly personal matters. He may
make his own tastes and manner of doing things the basis for judging their worth and motivations. Thereby he ignores the fact that people are very
different and have different needs, likes and dislikes. It is vital therefore to watch that a person does not get an exalted opinion of himself. No
imperfect human can set himself up as a standard for judging others.
Christians are also counseled against judging nonbelievers as individuals. The apostle Paul reminded Christians at Corinth that “God judges those
outside.” (1 Cor. 5:13)
Clearly, then, Christians can make serious judgments or assessments with reference to persons only when they do so on the basis of the Bible. For them
to rely on personal opinion or preference could lead to their being judged adversely by the Supreme Judge, Jehovah God.
Following his counsel about the need to seek God’s kingdom first, Jesus admonished his hearers to desist from a very harmful practice. He said:
“Stop judging that you may not be judged.” (Matt. 7:1) According to Luke, Jesus added: “Stop condemning, and you will by no means be
condemned. Keep on releasing, and you will be released. Practice giving, and people will give to you. They will pour into your laps a fine measure,
pressed down, shaken together and overflowing.”—Luke 6:37, 38.
During the first century C.E., the Pharisees tended to judge others harshly according to the false standards of non-Biblical traditions. Any of
Jesus’ listeners who were in that habit were to “stop” it. Instead of continually finding fault with others, they should “keep on
releasing,” that is, forgiving and overlooking the shortcomings of their fellowman. (Compare Luke 6:37, Authorized Version.) Doing so, they
would impel others to reciprocate with the same forgiving attitude.
In addition to pardoning others and treating them mercifully, Jesus’ disciples were to “practice giving.” This would result in the disciples’
receiving into their laps “a fine measure, pressed down, shaken together and overflowing.” The more a person practices generosity, the more he
encourages others to respond in kind.
Pointing to an important general principle, Jesus stated: “For with what judgment you are judging, you will be judged; and with the measure
[way of dealing with people] that you are measuring out, they will measure out to you.” (Matt. 7:2) As to their treatment of others, people
‘reap what they sow,’ so to speak. This will prove to be true, not only in what they reap from fellow humans, but, more importantly, in what they
reap from God.—See Matthew 5:7; 6:14, 15.
To emphasize the danger of imitating the overcritical Pharisees, Jesus gave a twofold illustration: “A blind man cannot guide a blind
man, can he? Both will tumble into a pit, will they not? A pupil is not above his teacher, but everyone that is perfectly instructed will be like his
teacher.”—Luke 6:39, 40.
It would be ridiculous for a literally blind person to try guiding another blind one over unfamiliar terrain. If there was a pit along the
way, surely both would fall into it. When it came to judging their fellowman, the Jewish religious leaders were figuratively “blind.” (Compare
Matthew 15:14; 23:16, 24.) They refused to take note of good qualities in the humble common people. On one occasion the Pharisees exclaimed: “This
crowd that does not know the Law are accursed people.” (John 7:49) Anyone imitating such a condemnatory attitude is headed for dangerous
pitfalls.
Too, just as “a pupil” who imbibes the thinking patterns of his teacher becomes “like his teacher,” so all who imitated the Pharisees
would end up being like them—out of God’s favor and in danger of losing their lives. Hence, Jesus said on another occasion:
“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because you shut up the kingdom of the heavens before men; for you yourselves do not go in,
neither do you permit those on their way in to go in. Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because you traverse sea and dry land to make one
proselyte, and when he becomes one you make him a subject for Gehenna [eternal destruction] twice as much so as yourselves.”—Matt.
23:13-15.
Pointing to the foolishness of being overcritical, Jesus asked: “Why, then, do you look at the straw in your brother’s eye, but do not
consider the rafter in your own eye? Or how can you say to your brother, ‘Allow me to extract the straw from your eye’; when, look! a rafter is in
your own eye?”—Matt. 7:3, 4; compare Luke 6:41, 42a.
Jesus is not speaking merely of individuals who pay attention to the faults of others while having greater ones themselves, though this is a
common human failing. Instead, he refers to someone who would take note of a minor defect in his brother’s “eye.” The critic would claim that
his brother had impaired faculties of moral perception and judgment. Even if the fault was a minor one, like a “straw,” a sliver of wood or a
speck of dust, the one criticizing would make an issue of it and hypocritically offer to “extract the straw,” that is, to aid the individual to
see matters more clearly, enabling him to render more acceptable judgments.
The Jewish religious leaders were especially prone to criticize the judgment of others. For example, when a person whom Jesus healed from
congenital blindness declared that Jesus must have come from God, the Pharisees retorted: “You were altogether born in sins, and yet are you
teaching us?” (John 9:34) However, when it came to clear spiritual vision and ability to judge, the Pharisees had, as it were, “a rafter” in
their own eye. They were altogether blind.
Hence, Jesus exclaimed: “Hypocrite! First extract the rafter from your own eye, and then you will see clearly how to extract the straw
from your brother’s eye.”—Matt. 7:5; Luke 6:42b.
Did this mean that disciples of Jesus were to use no discernment at all in connection with other people? No, for Jesus next said: “Do not
give what is holy to dogs, neither throw your pearls before swine, that they may never trample them under their feet and turn around and rip you
open.”—Matt. 7:6.
According to the Mosaic law, dogs and pigs were unclean. (Lev. 11:7, 27) It was permissible to throw to the dogs flesh of an animal torn by a
wild beast. (Ex. 22:31) But Jewish tradition forbade giving to dogs “holy” flesh, that is, meat of animal sacrifices. The Mishnah states:
“Animal-offerings [Hebrew, qodashim: “holy things”] may not be redeemed in order to give them as food to the dogs.” Throwing literal
pearls “before swine” would be something else quite inappropriate. Likely the swine would mistake them for peas, acorns or other items in their
diet. Finding them inedible, the pigs would trample them underfoot and, becoming enraged, could harm the one who threw the pearls.
In a figurative sense, “what is holy” and “pearls” refer to precious Scriptural truths regarding God’s Messianic kingdom. Disciples
of Jesus were to share these truths with everyone. (Matt. 24:14; 28:19, 20) But if individuals showed themselves to be without appreciation of
spiritual things, like dogs or swine, Christians were to seek out more receptive ears.—See Matthew 10:14; Luke 9:5; 10:11; Acts 13:45, 46;
18:6.