Living in one of the most productive farm counties in the world, if not the most productive in the US, I have seen the devestating effect of the
current situation in which most farmers find themselves in. Farms that have been in families for 50 - 350 years are having to be sold because they
can't make the profits which they once could. If you look at the rate at which farm land has been sold in my county since 1995, you will see a
drastic increase in farm sales which result in disgusting urban sprawl (and suburban hell) as well as more strip malls, shopping centers and stores
than our county could ever possibly use even if we were rich and shopped 12 hours a day. But non the less, every week or month we see articles in the
paper with "historic farms" being sold for land development. It is disgusting and reprehensible. I sometimes get angry at the land owners but they
are facing some of the highest taxes in the nation b/c of school taxes and the re-assesments have made it very difficult to get fair and realistic
appraisals on the farm land (they appraise as if it were developed so a million dollar 30 acre farm may be appraised as 6.5 million due to similar
properties of same size, but have shopping centers on them).
My county may be THE most historic farming county in the US and was a major factor in settling early PA, supported Philadelphia, Baltimore and even DC
once that was up and running and was a gateway to the West with the Conestoga wagon (along with providing supplies for the long trip). The
county is full of firsts in many industries and can rival the more "advanced" areas like Philly, NYC, Boston, New Jersey, Richmond, etc when it
comes to the level of output (quality and quantity) for a relatively small population base and was industry leader in much of the nations farming
industrializations.
On top of all of this, we have been extremely blessed to have the most productive soil in all of the US (as per reports from 17-19th century) where
often no need for nutrient supplementation or fertilizing was needed or minimal and rarely needed. Comparing this to areas in California which,
granted they are productive, they often require a fair to moderate amounts of fertilizers and amendments to the soil as well as pesticides (another
plus is that our soil has a lot of natural pest control bacteria and bugs already living there).
So, when you have a large county that is so extraordinarily productive and has a strong history of farming (many children only wish to be farmers and
continue family tradition) then why are these farms and familys selling out to real estate developers to create hideous monstrosities of cookie cutter
houses/apt complexes or the modern shopping center (when other centers 7-12 years old largely remain empty and great centers in excellent locations
that are 30-40 yers old are empty as well). Why do we need to destroy this farm land, never to be fruitful again. We are paving paradise (an actual
town in this country) and putting up a parking lot
.
Time and again we hear that the farmers can't make ends meet, which is astounding in this county. These are people of modest means and they aren't
saying "they can't make $250,000 per year in net profit, they are saying it is costing more to run the farm than they are making in sales! This
BLOWS my mind ESPECIALLY with all the tourism and farmers markets where the farmers hock their goods, direct to shoppers, making a nice profit - and
these markets are extremely busy and popular.
In about 1995 a ton of ammonium nitrate 34-0-0 could be purchased for $220-300 per ton (at some times, especially in the winter it may have been as
low as $150 per ton). This was the primary source of nitrogen for many farmers as it was basically the perfect fertilizer for crops that had a high
demand for nitrogen and it didn't leave behind toxic byproducts or salts that many other fertilizers do. Since the bombing, there have been major
steps to make it almost impossible for the small farmer to get ammonium nitrate without jumping through tons of regulatory hoops, having to have
special containment facilities for storing the substance, having to get very high insurance coverage and a whole host of other issues such as majorly
increased Hazmat fees (and being denied for delivery because of hazmat storage conditions - which had been fine for 60 years).
The new fertilizers that often used to replace ammonium nitrate are calcium nitrate (which has the added problem of placing a basic calcium into the
soil which may need an additional chemical to counter act this) which is an NPK of 15.5-0-0 or about 40% of the nitrogen of the ammonium nitrate. The
kicker is that a volume of 2-2.5x is needed for the same nitrogen content and the calcium nitrate costs anywhere from $800-$1200 per ton. So the
total cost for getting an equivalent amount of nitrogen if buying Calcium Nitrate is anywhere from 8-12x the cost of ammonium nitrate before the
bombing. now if the calcium needs to be neutralized (because it is basic) with an acid, that could add anywhere from $50-$200 per ton of Calcium
nitrate - which comes out to $100-$400 additional costs (on same area of what ammonium nitrate would cover) that were never an issue with the old
fertilizer.
There are many other issues that can be considered, but these are the main ones. If a farmer wanted to graze his cattle and he wanted to fertilize
the pasture, he could use ammonium nitrate and get a HUGH boost in production of grass or alfalfa (maybe 2-3x production w/o fertilizing). This was
excellent for producing grass fed cattle and the milks/butters from them (YUMMY!!!!!) now it may be economically unfeasible and farmers have to have
many less head of cattle per acre of land . So a farmer that could support 300 cattle (milkers) on his land, may now be down to 100-200 cattle and
many have gone the organic way of using manure to fertilize (smells bad, but it works well)...
So it is very difficult for a farmer to get the Ammonium nitrate. I have a 50 acre plot that I wanted to graze cattle on and I wanted ammonium
nitrate and was laughed at by 12 different ag supply shops. they wouldn't even sell potassium nitrate! The cost to do the same thing with calcium
nitrate (calcium was actually helpful but I could have used slacked lime at 1/8th the price) was 9 times higher than what the big companies are paying
for ammonium nitrate. There is no way I could get a foot in the door using the fertilizers that are available while the big companies can get daily
deliveries (by the truck load) of ammonium nitrate at the very lowest market price and often at a discounted or subsidized rate due to chemical
industry lobbies ts (where they get either a tax credit or refund for large purchases of the nitrate!!! talk about unequal playing field!!!)